The city as a habitat, sentence 0
To a wild animal a city is not concrete and cars, it is a strange new landscape: tall buildings are cliffs, railway banks are hedges, gardens are meadows, and bins are a free buffet.
Who acts: city, tall buildings, railway banks, gardens, bins · What happens: not be, be · To what, where: strange new landscape, cliffs, hedges, meadows, free buffet
This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (city, tall buildings, railway banks, gardens), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 4 animal | case |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 animal | det |
| 3 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 animal | amod |
| 4 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 concrete | obl |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 city | det |
| 6 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 concrete | nsubj |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 concrete | cop |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 9 concrete | advmod |
| 9 | concrete | concrete | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 cars | cc |
| 11 | cars | car | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 concrete | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 landscape | punct |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 landscape | nsubj |
| 14 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 landscape | cop |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 landscape | det |
| 16 | strange | strange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 landscape | amod |
| 17 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 landscape | amod |
| 18 | landscape | landscape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 concrete | parataxis |
| 19 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 cliffs | punct |
| 20 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 buildings | amod |
| 21 | buildings | building | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 cliffs | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 cliffs | cop |
| 23 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 landscape | parataxis |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 hedges | punct |
| 25 | railway | railway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 banks | compound |
| 26 | banks | bank | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 hedges | nsubj |
| 27 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 hedges | cop |
| 28 | hedges | hedge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 cliffs | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 meadows | punct |
| 30 | gardens | garden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 meadows | nsubj |
| 31 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 meadows | cop |
| 32 | meadows | meadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 cliffs | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 buffet | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 buffet | cc |
| 35 | bins | bin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 buffet | nsubj |
| 36 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 39 buffet | cop |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 buffet | det |
| 38 | free | free | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 39 buffet | amod |
| 39 | buffet | buffet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 cliffs | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 concrete | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | present | a city | to a wild animal; concrete property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | present | city | a strange new landscape | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | is a | present | tall buildings | cliffs and hedges and meadows and a free buffet | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | is a | present | railway banks | hedges | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | is a | present | gardens | meadows | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | is a | present | bins | a free buffet | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/0/