The city as a habitat, sentence 1
Pigeons nest on station ledges as their rock dove ancestors nested on sea cliffs, peregrine falcons nest on cathedral towers and dive on those pigeons, and foxes trot down quiet streets at night.
Who acts: Pigeons, dove ancestors, peregrine falcons, foxes · What happens: nest, dive, trot · To what, where: station ledges, sea cliffs, cathedral towers, pigeons, quiet streets
This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pigeons, dove ancestors, peregrine falcons, foxes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 nest | nsubj |
| 2 | nest | nest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 ledges | case |
| 4 | station | station | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 ledges | compound |
| 5 | ledges | ledge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 nest | obl |
| 6 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 nested | case |
| 7 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 ancestors | nmod:poss |
| 8 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 dove | compound |
| 9 | dove | dove | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ancestors | compound |
| 10 | ancestors | ancestor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 nested | nsubj |
| 11 | nested | nest | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 nest | advcl |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 cliffs | case |
| 13 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 cliffs | compound |
| 14 | cliffs | cliff | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 nested | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 nest | punct |
| 16 | peregrine | peregrine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 falcons | compound |
| 17 | falcons | falcon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 nest | nsubj |
| 18 | nest | nest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 nest | conj |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 towers | case |
| 20 | cathedral | cathedral | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 towers | compound |
| 21 | towers | tower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 nest | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 dive | cc |
| 23 | dive | dive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 nest | conj |
| 24 | on | on | ADP | _ | 26 pigeons | case |
| 25 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 26 pigeons | det |
| 26 | pigeons | pigeon | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 dive | obl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 trot | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 trot | cc |
| 29 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 trot | nsubj |
| 30 | trot | trot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 nest | conj |
| 31 | down | down | ADP | _ | 33 streets | case |
| 32 | quiet | quiet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 streets | amod |
| 33 | streets | street | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 trot | obl |
| 34 | at | at | ADP | _ | 35 night | case |
| 35 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 trot | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 nest | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | nest | present | Pigeons | station ledges | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | nest | past | Pigeons's dove ancestors | sea cliffs | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | nest | present | peregrine falcons | cathedral towers | vn berry-13.7 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | dive | present | peregrine falcons not said here | that pigeons | vn search-35.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on pigeon=Location | ||||
| 5 | trot | present | foxes | quiet streets | night | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme down street=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/1/