Mountains: life as you climb higher, sentence 5

Air is thinner higher up, so each breath has less oxygen; at the top of Mount Everest a breath has only about a third of the oxygen it has at the beach, so most climbers carry oxygen bottles.

Who acts: Air, breath, most climbers · What happens: be, have, carry · To what, where: less oxygen, third, top, oxygen, beach, oxygen bottles

This is a sentence of the lesson «Mountains: life as you climb higher» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Air, breath, most climbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 thinner	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thinner	cop
3	thinner	thinner	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	root	root
4	higher	high	ADV	Degree=Cmp	3 thinner	advmod
5	up	up	ADP	_	4 higher	compound:prt
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 has	punct
7	so	so	ADV	_	10 has	advmod
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 breath	det
9	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	nsubj
10	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thinner	conj
11	less	less	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	12 oxygen	amod
12	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 has	obj
13	;	;	PUNCT	_	16 top	punct
14	at	at	ADP	_	16 top	case
15	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	16 top	det
16	top	top	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 has	obl
17	of	of	ADP	_	19 Everest	case
18	Mount	mount	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 Everest	compound
19	Everest	everest	NOUN	Number=Sing	16 top	nmod
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	21 breath	det
21	breath	breath	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 has	nsubj
22	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 thinner	conj
23	only	only	ADV	_	26 third	advmod
24	about	about	ADP	_	26 third	case
25	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	26 third	det
26	third	third	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 has	obj
27	of	of	ADP	_	29 oxygen	case
28	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	29 oxygen	det
29	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 third	nmod
30	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	31 has	nsubj
31	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 oxygen	acl:relcl
32	at	at	ADP	_	34 beach	case
33	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	34 beach	det
34	beach	beach	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 has	obl
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	39 carry	punct
36	so	so	ADV	_	39 carry	advmod
37	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	38 climbers	amod
38	climbers	climber	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 carry	nsubj
39	carry	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 has	conj
40	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	Number=Sing	41 bottles	compound
41	bottles	bottle	NOUN	Number=Plur	39 carry	obj
42	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 thinner	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is	present	Air			high, thinner property	tree rules
2	have	present	each breath	less oxygen			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Patient
3	have	present	a breath	a third of the oxygen	the top of Mount Everest		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent third=Patient
4	have	present	air	the oxygen not said here	the beach		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent oxygen=Patient
5	carry	present	most climbers	oxygen bottles			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bottle=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:013-mountains-life-as-you-climb.lesson:5.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/13-mountains-life-as-you-climb/5/