Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos, sentence 5
Smilodon could open its jaws about 120 degrees, much wider than a lion, so the long fangs did not get in the way of biting, and its bite was weaker than a lion's because the long fangs could snap on bone.
Who acts: Smilodon, long fangs, bite, kind · What happens: open, not get, be, snap, bite · To what, where: jaws, way, bone
This is a sentence of the lesson «Ice Age: real sabre-tooths, ground sloths, glyptodonts and dodos» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Smilodon, long fangs, bite, kind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smilodon | Smilodon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 open | nsubj |
| 2 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 3 open | aux |
| 3 | open | open | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 4 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 jaws | nmod:poss |
| 5 | jaws | jaw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 open | obj |
| 6 | about | about | ADV | _ | 7 120 | advmod |
| 7 | 120 | 120 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 degrees | nummod |
| 8 | degrees | degree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 open | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 wider | punct |
| 10 | much | much | ADV | _ | 11 wider | advmod |
| 11 | wider | wide | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 3 open | parataxis |
| 12 | than | than | ADP | _ | 14 lion | case |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 lion | det |
| 14 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 wider | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 get | punct |
| 16 | so | so | ADV | _ | 22 get | advmod |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 fangs | det |
| 18 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 fangs | amod |
| 19 | fangs | fang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 get | nsubj |
| 20 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 get | aux |
| 21 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 22 get | advmod |
| 22 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 open | parataxis |
| 23 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 way | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 way | det |
| 25 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 get | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 biting | case |
| 27 | biting | biting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 way | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 weaker | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 weaker | cc |
| 30 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 31 bite | nmod:poss |
| 31 | bite | bite | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 weaker | nsubj |
| 32 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 weaker | cop |
| 33 | weaker | weak | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 22 get | conj |
| 34 | than | than | ADP | _ | 36 lion | case |
| 35 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 lion | det |
| 36 | lion | lion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 weaker | obl |
| 37 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 36 lion | case |
| 38 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 43 snap | mark |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 fangs | det |
| 40 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 fangs | amod |
| 41 | fangs | fang | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 snap | nsubj |
| 42 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 snap | aux |
| 43 | snap | snap | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 33 weaker | advcl |
| 44 | on | on | ADP | _ | 45 bone | case |
| 45 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 snap | obl |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 open | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | could | Smilodon | kind's jaws | 120 degrees obl | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location jaw=Theme | |||
| 2 | not get | past · do-support | the long fangs | the way of biting | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | is | past | kind's bite | than a lion; weak property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | snap | could | the long fangs | bone | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on bone=Location | ||||
| 5 | bite | kind | nom bite «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/131-ice-age-sabre-tooths-ground-sloths-and-scrat/5/