The city as a habitat, sentence 10

Brown rats eat almost anything, have many babies and can squeeze through holes about the size of a coin; the saying that you are never more than 2 metres from a rat is a myth, and rats can carry disease, so never touch them.

Who acts: Brown rats, you, saying, rats · What happens: eat, have, squeeze, say, not be, be · To what, where: anything, many babies, holes, 2 metres, rat, myth · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «The city as a habitat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Brown rats, you, saying, rats), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Brown	brown	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 rats	amod
2	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 eat	nsubj
3	eat	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	almost	almost	ADV	_	5 anything	advmod
5	anything	anything	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	3 eat	obj
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	7 have	punct
7	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	conj
8	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 babies	amod
9	babies	baby	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 have	obj
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	12 squeeze	cc
11	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	12 squeeze	aux
12	squeeze	squeeze	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	3 eat	conj
13	through	through	ADP	_	14 holes	case
14	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 squeeze	obl
15	about	about	ADP	_	17 size	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 size	det
17	size	size	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 holes	nmod
18	of	of	ADP	_	20 coin	case
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 coin	det
20	coin	coin	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 size	nmod
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	3 eat	punct
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 saying	det
23	saying	say	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	37 myth	csubj
24	that	that	SCONJ	_	31 metres	mark
25	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	31 metres	nsubj
26	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	31 metres	cop
27	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	31 metres	advmod
28	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	30 2	advmod
29	than	than	ADP	_	28 more	fixed
30	2	2	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	31 metres	nummod
31	metres	metre	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 saying	ccomp
32	from	from	ADP	_	34 rat	case
33	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	34 rat	det
34	rat	rat	NOUN	Number=Sing	31 metres	nmod
35	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	37 myth	cop
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 myth	det
37	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 eat	parataxis
38	,	,	PUNCT	_	42 carry	punct
39	and	and	CCONJ	_	42 carry	cc
40	rats	rat	NOUN	Number=Plur	42 carry	nsubj
41	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	42 carry	aux
42	carry	carry	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	37 myth	conj
43	disease	disease	NOUN	Number=Sing	42 carry	obj
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	47 touch	punct
45	so	so	ADV	_	47 touch	advmod
46	never	never	ADV	PronType=Neg	47 touch	advmod
47	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	37 myth	parataxis
48	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	47 touch	obj
49	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 eat	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	eat	present	Brown rats	anything		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent anything=Patient
2	have	present	Brown rats not said here	many babies		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Patient
3	squeeze	can	Brown rats not said here		holes about the size of a coin	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent through hole=Trajectory
4	say speech: assert	gerund				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent
5	not is a	present	you	2 metres	a rat	tree rules
6	is a	present	saying	a myth		tree rules
7	carry	can	rats	disease		vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent disease=Theme
8	not touch	infinitive		rats = rat		vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:014-the-city-as-a-habitat.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R3-conj-first ×1, R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/14-the-city-as-a-habitat/10/