Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey, sentence 13

In nature there are always far more prey than predators, because each predator needs to eat many prey animals: the Serengeti has millions of wildebeest but only a few thousand lions.

Who acts: more prey, predator, Serengeti · What happens: be, need, eat, have · To what, where: nature, many prey animals, millions

This is a sentence of the lesson «Zootopia: real sloths, shrews, predators and prey» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (more prey, predator, Serengeti), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	2 nature	case
2	nature	nature	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 are	obl
3	there	there	PRON	PronType=Dem	4 are	expl
4	are	be	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	4 are	advmod
6	far	far	ADV	Degree=Pos	7 more	advmod
7	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	8 prey	amod
8	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 are	nsubj
9	than	than	ADP	_	10 predators	case
10	predators	predator	NOUN	Number=Plur	8 prey	nmod
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 needs	punct
12	because	because	SCONJ	_	15 needs	mark
13	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	14 predator	det
14	predator	predator	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 needs	nsubj
15	needs	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 are	advcl
16	to	to	PART	_	17 eat	mark
17	eat	eat	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 needs	xcomp
18	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 animals	amod
19	prey	prey	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 animals	compound
20	animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 eat	obj
21	:	:	PUNCT	_	24 has	punct
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 Serengeti	det
23	Serengeti	Serengeti	PROPN	Number=Sing	24 has	nsubj
24	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 needs	conj
25	millions	million	NOUN	Number=Plur	24 has	obj
26	of	of	ADP	_	27 wildebeest	case
27	wildebeest	wildebeest	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 millions	nmod
28	but	but	CCONJ	_	33 lions	cc
29	only	only	ADV	_	33 lions	advmod
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 lions	det
31	few	few	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 lions	amod
32	thousand	thousand	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	33 lions	nummod
33	lions	lion	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 millions	conj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 are	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	be	present	more prey than predators		nature; there	always property	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in nature=Location
2	need	present	each predator				vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	eat not said to happen	to-infinitive	each predator not said here	many prey animals			vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent animal=Patient
4	have	present	the Serengeti	millions of wildebeest but a few thousand lions			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent million=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey.lesson:13.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/142-zootopia-real-sloths-shrews-predators-and-prey/13/