Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops, sentence 15
The pygmy marmoset from the Amazon is the smallest monkey, about 100 grams; it gnaws holes in bark to lap up gum and sap, and fathers and older brothers and sisters carry the babies, often twins.
Who acts: pygmy marmoset, marmoset, fathers · What happens: be, gnaw, lap up, carry · To what, where: smallest monkey, holes, bark, gum, babies
This is a sentence of the lesson «Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pygmy marmoset, marmoset, fathers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 marmoset | det |
| 2 | pygmy | pygmy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 marmoset | amod |
| 3 | marmoset | marmoset | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 monkey | nsubj |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 Amazon | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Amazon | det |
| 6 | Amazon | Amazon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 marmoset | nmod |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 monkey | cop |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 monkey | det |
| 9 | smallest | small | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 10 monkey | amod |
| 10 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 grams | punct |
| 12 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 100 | advmod |
| 13 | 100 | 100 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 grams | nummod |
| 14 | grams | gram | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 monkey | appos |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 gnaws | punct |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 gnaws | nsubj |
| 17 | gnaws | gnaw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 monkey | parataxis |
| 18 | holes | hole | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 gnaws | obj |
| 19 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 bark | case |
| 20 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 gnaws | obl |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 lap | mark |
| 22 | lap | lap | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 gnaws | advcl |
| 23 | up | up | ADP | _ | 22 lap | compound:prt |
| 24 | gum | gum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lap | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 sap | cc |
| 26 | sap | sap | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 gum | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 carry | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 fathers | cc |
| 29 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 carry | nsubj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 brothers | cc |
| 31 | older | old | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 32 brothers | amod |
| 32 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 fathers | conj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 sisters | cc |
| 34 | sisters | sister | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 fathers | conj |
| 35 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 10 monkey | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 babies | det |
| 37 | babies | baby | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 carry | obj |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 twins | punct |
| 39 | often | often | ADV | _ | 40 twins | advmod |
| 40 | twins | twin | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 babies | appos |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 monkey | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the pygmy marmoset from the Amazon | the smallest monkey | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | gnaw | present | marmoset | holes | bark | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Patient | |||
| 3 | lap up | to-infinitive | marmoset not said here | gum and sap | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gum=Patient | ||||
| 4 | carry | present | fathers and older brothers and sisters | the babies | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent baby=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:015-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/15/