Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops, sentence 16

Gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans are apes, not monkeys: apes have no tail; gibbons, the acrobats of Asian forests, are smaller apes with no tail too.

Who acts: Gorillas, apes, gibbons · What happens: be, have · To what, where: apes, tail, smaller apes

This is a sentence of the lesson «Monkeys: kinds, tails and troops» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Gorillas, apes, gibbons), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Gorillas	gorilla	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 apes	nsubj
2	,	,	PUNCT	_	3 chimpanzees	punct
3	chimpanzees	chimpanzee	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Gorillas	conj
4	,	,	PUNCT	_	5 bonobos	punct
5	bonobos	bonobo	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Gorillas	conj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 orangutans	cc
7	orangutans	orangutan	NOUN	Number=Plur	1 Gorillas	conj
8	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	9 apes	cop
9	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	12 monkeys	punct
11	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	12 monkeys	advmod
12	monkeys	monkey	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 apes	conj
13	:	:	PUNCT	_	15 have	punct
14	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 have	nsubj
15	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 monkeys	parataxis
16	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	17 tail	det
17	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 have	obj
18	;	;	PUNCT	_	19 gibbons	punct
19	gibbons	gibbon	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 apes	nsubj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 acrobats	punct
21	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	22 acrobats	det
22	acrobats	acrobat	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 gibbons	appos
23	of	of	ADP	_	25 forests	case
24	Asian	Asian	ADJ	Degree=Pos	25 forests	amod
25	forests	forest	NOUN	Number=Plur	22 acrobats	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 apes	punct
27	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 apes	cop
28	smaller	small	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	29 apes	amod
29	apes	ape	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 apes	parataxis
30	with	with	ADP	_	32 tail	case
31	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	32 tail	det
32	tail	tail	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 apes	nmod
33	too	too	ADV	_	29 apes	advmod
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	9 apes	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Gorillas and chimpanzees and bonobos and orangutans	apes and monkeys		tree rules
2	have	present	apes	no tail		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient
3	is a	present	gibbons	smaller apes	with no tail	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:015-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/15-monkeys-kinds-tails-and-troops/16/