Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?, sentence 8

In boom years lemmings spread out in search of food and may swim rivers and lakes, and some drown; this may be where the cliff myth began.

Who acts: lemmings, some, this, cliff myth · What happens: spread out, swim, drown, be, begin, search · To what, where: search, rivers, food

This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do lemmings jump off cliffs?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lemmings, some, this, cliff myth), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	In	in	ADP	_	3 years	case
2	boom	boom	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 years	compound
3	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spread	obl
4	lemmings	lemming	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 spread	nsubj
5	spread	spread	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	out	out	ADV	_	5 spread	advmod
7	in	in	ADP	_	8 search	case
8	search	search	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 spread	obl
9	of	of	ADP	_	10 food	case
10	food	food	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 search	nmod
11	and	and	CCONJ	_	13 swim	cc
12	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	13 swim	aux
13	swim	swim	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 spread	conj
14	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	13 swim	obj
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	16 lakes	cc
16	lakes	lake	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 rivers	conj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 drown	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	20 drown	cc
19	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	20 drown	nsubj
20	drown	drown	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	5 spread	conj
21	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 where	punct
22	this	this	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	25 where	nsubj
23	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 where	aux
24	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	25 where	cop
25	where	where	ADV	PronType=Rel	5 spread	conj
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	28 myth	det
27	cliff	cliff	NOUN	Number=Sing	28 myth	compound
28	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 began	nsubj
29	began	begin	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	25 where	advcl:relcl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 spread	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	spread out	present	lemmings		search of food	year	out property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in search=Location
2	swim	may	lemmings not said here	rivers and lakes				vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme river=Trajectory
3	drown	present	some					vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	is	may	this				where property	tree rules
5	begin	past	the cliff myth					vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
6	search			food				nom search «act transitive»: of=patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×2, R2-punct-next ×1, R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/150-myth-check-do-lemmings-jump-off-cliffs/8/