Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?, sentence 15

Most scientists now think fish feel pain and stress; they learn to avoid things that hurt them, so many countries have rules about caring for fish kindly.

Who acts: Most scientists, fish, things, many countries · What happens: think, feel, learn, avoid, hurt, have · To what, where: pain, things, Fish, rules · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: do goldfish have a three-second memory?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Most scientists, fish, things, many countries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	2 scientists	amod
2	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 think	nsubj
3	now	now	ADV	_	4 think	advmod
4	think	think	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
5	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 feel	nsubj
6	feel	feel	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 think	ccomp
7	pain	pain	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 feel	obj
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	9 stress	cc
9	stress	stress	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 pain	conj
10	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 learn	punct
11	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 learn	nsubj
12	learn	learn	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 think	parataxis
13	to	to	PART	_	14 avoid	mark
14	avoid	avoid	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	12 learn	xcomp
15	things	thing	NOUN	Number=Plur	14 avoid	obj
16	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	17 hurt	nsubj
17	hurt	hurt	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 things	acl:relcl
18	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	17 hurt	obj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 have	punct
20	so	so	ADV	_	23 have	advmod
21	many	many	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 countries	amod
22	countries	country	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	nsubj
23	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 think	parataxis
24	rules	rule	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 have	obj
25	about	about	ADP	_	26 caring	case
26	caring	caring	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 rules	nmod
27	for	for	ADP	_	28 fish	case
28	fish	fish	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 have	obl
29	kindly	kindly	ADV	_	23 have	advmod
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 think	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	think speech: other	present	Most scientists		now		vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme
2	feel	present	fish	pain and stress			vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pain=Theme
3	learn	present	Fish				vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
4	avoid	to-infinitive	Fish not said here	things			vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent thing=Location
5	hurt	present	things	Fish			vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer they=Patient
6	have	present	many countries	rules		about caring; for fish; kindly property	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:152-goldfish-memory.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/152-goldfish-memory/15/