Myth check: are bats blind?, sentence 6
Big fruit bats called flying foxes have large eyes for dim light, and most of them do not echolocate at all.
Who acts: Big fruit bats, most · What happens: call, fly, have, not echolocate · To what, where: Big fruit bats, flying foxes, large eyes, all · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Myth check: are bats blind?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Big fruit bats, most), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 bats | amod |
| 2 | fruit | fruit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 bats | compound |
| 3 | bats | bat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 have | nsubj |
| 4 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 bats | acl |
| 5 | flying | fly | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 foxes | amod |
| 6 | foxes | fox | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 called | obj |
| 7 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 eyes | amod |
| 9 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 have | obj |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 12 light | case |
| 11 | dim | dim | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 light | amod |
| 12 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 eyes | nmod |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 echolocate | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 echolocate | cc |
| 15 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 20 echolocate | nsubj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 them | case |
| 17 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 most | nmod |
| 18 | do | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 echolocate | aux |
| 19 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 20 echolocate | advmod |
| 20 | echolocate | echolocate | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 have | conj |
| 21 | at | at | ADP | _ | 22 all | case |
| 22 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 echolocate | obl |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | Big fruit bats not said here | flying foxes | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent fox=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | fly | gerund | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | have | present | Big fruit bats | large eyes | for dim light | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient | |||
| 4 | not echolocate | present · do-support | most of eyes | all | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:153-are-bats-blind.lesson:6.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/153-are-bats-blind/6/