The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas, sentence 9
Piranhas have razor-sharp teeth and tear at dead or injured fish, but most are timid scavengers that shoal for safety.
Who acts: Piranhas, most, timid scavengers · What happens: have, tear, injure, be, shoal · To what, where: sharp teeth, timid scavengers
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Piranhas, most, timid scavengers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Piranhas | piranha | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | nsubj |
| 2 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | razor | razor | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 sharp | compound |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 razor | punct |
| 5 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 teeth | amod |
| 6 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | obj |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 tear | cc |
| 8 | tear | tear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 have | conj |
| 9 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 fish | case |
| 10 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 fish | amod |
| 11 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 12 injured | cc |
| 12 | injured | injure | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 dead | conj |
| 13 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 tear | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 scavengers | punct |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 scavengers | cc |
| 16 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 19 scavengers | nsubj |
| 17 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 scavengers | cop |
| 18 | timid | timid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 scavengers | amod |
| 19 | scavengers | scavenger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 have | conj |
| 20 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 shoal | nsubj |
| 21 | shoal | shoal | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 scavengers | acl:relcl |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 23 safety | case |
| 23 | safety | safety | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 shoal | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 have | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | Piranhas | sharp teeth | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient | ||||
| 2 | tear | present | Piranhas not said here | at dead fish | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at fish=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | injure | participle | Piranhas not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | most | timid scavengers | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | shoal | present | timid scavengers | for safety | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:155-the-amazon-river.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×4. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/155-the-amazon-river/9/