The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas, sentence 8

Giant otters live in noisy family groups of about six to ten that gang up to drive off a caiman, a kind of crocodile, and each has a throat patch as unique as a fingerprint.

Who acts: Giant otters, noisy family groups, each · What happens: live, gang up, drive off, have · To what, where: noisy family groups, caiman, throat patch

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon river: pink dolphins, flooded forest, giant fish and piranhas» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Giant otters, noisy family groups, each), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Giant	giant	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 otters	amod
2	otters	otter	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	in	in	ADP	_	7 groups	case
5	noisy	noisy	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 groups	amod
6	family	family	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 groups	compound
7	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	obl
8	of	of	ADP	_	10 six	case
9	about	about	ADV	_	10 six	advmod
10	six	six	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	7 groups	nmod
11	to	to	ADP	_	12 ten	case
12	ten	ten	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	10 six	nmod
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 gang	nsubj
14	gang	gang	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 groups	acl:relcl
15	up	up	ADP	_	14 gang	compound:prt
16	to	to	PART	_	17 drive	mark
17	drive	drive	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	14 gang	advcl
18	off	off	ADP	_	17 drive	compound:prt
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 caiman	det
20	caiman	caiman	NOUN	Number=Sing	17 drive	obj
21	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 kind	punct
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	23 kind	det
23	kind	kind	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 caiman	appos
24	of	of	ADP	_	25 crocodile	case
25	crocodile	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 kind	nmod
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	29 has	punct
27	and	and	CCONJ	_	29 has	cc
28	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	29 has	nsubj
29	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 live	conj
30	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	32 patch	det
31	throat	throat	NOUN	Number=Sing	32 patch	compound
32	patch	patch	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 has	obj
33	as	as	ADV	_	34 unique	advmod
34	unique	unique	ADJ	Degree=Pos	32 patch	amod
35	as	as	ADP	_	37 fingerprint	case
36	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	37 fingerprint	det
37	fingerprint	fingerprint	NOUN	Number=Sing	34 unique	obl
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 live	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	roles by
1	live	present	Giant otters		noisy family groups of six to ten	vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in group=Location
2	gang up	present	noisy family groups of six to ten			tree rules
3	drive off	to-infinitive	noisy family groups of six to ten not said here	a caiman		vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme caiman=Trajectory
4	have	present	each	a throat patch		vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent patch=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:155-the-amazon-river.lesson:8.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/155-the-amazon-river/8/