The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens, sentence 13
Only monkeys of the Americas have gripping tails; no monkey of Africa or Asia can hang by its tail.
Who acts: monkeys, monkey · What happens: have, grip, hang · To what, where: gripping tails
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (monkeys, monkey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 2 monkeys | advmod |
| 2 | monkeys | monkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 Americas | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 Americas | det |
| 5 | Americas | Americas | PROPN | Number=Plur | 2 monkeys | nmod |
| 6 | have | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 hang | conj |
| 7 | gripping | grip | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 tails | amod |
| 8 | tails | tail | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 have | obj |
| 9 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 monkey | punct |
| 10 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 11 monkey | det |
| 11 | monkey | monkey | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 hang | nsubj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Africa | case |
| 13 | Africa | Africa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 monkey | nmod |
| 14 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 15 Asia | cc |
| 15 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Africa | conj |
| 16 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 17 hang | aux |
| 17 | hang | hang | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 18 | by | by | ADP | _ | 20 tail | case |
| 19 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 tail | nmod:poss |
| 20 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 hang | obl |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 have | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | present | monkeys of the Americas | gripping tails | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tail=Patient | ||||
| 2 | grip | gerund | vn touch-20-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 3 | hang | can | no monkey of Africa or Asia | by tail's tail | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by tail=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/13/