The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens, sentence 15
When researchers sprayed a harmless mist into single canopy trees, beetles of hundreds of kinds fell out, many never named.
Who acts: researchers, beetles · What happens: spray, fall out, not name · To what, where: harmless mist, single canopy trees, many
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon canopy: howlers, harpy eagles, toucans, dart frogs and sloth gardens» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (researchers, beetles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 sprayed | advmod |
| 2 | researchers | researcher | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sprayed | nsubj |
| 3 | sprayed | spray | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 fell | advcl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 mist | det |
| 5 | harmless | harmless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 mist | amod |
| 6 | mist | mist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 sprayed | obj |
| 7 | into | into | ADP | _ | 10 trees | case |
| 8 | single | single | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 trees | amod |
| 9 | canopy | canopy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 trees | compound |
| 10 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 sprayed | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 beetles | punct |
| 12 | beetles | beetle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 fell | nsubj |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 hundreds | case |
| 14 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 beetles | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 kinds | case |
| 16 | kinds | kind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 hundreds | nmod |
| 17 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | out | out | ADP | _ | 17 fell | compound:prt |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 named | punct |
| 20 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 named | nsubj:pass |
| 21 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 22 named | advmod |
| 22 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 mist | conj |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 sprayed | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spray | past | researchers | a harmless mist | single canopy trees | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent mist=Theme into tree=Destination | |||
| 2 | fall out | past | beetles of hundreds of kinds | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | not name | participle · passive | many | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:156-the-amazon-canopy.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/156-the-amazon-canopy/15/