The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider, sentence 14
Buttress roots spread out like walls around many rainforest trees and hold the tall tree up in thin soil.
Who acts: Buttress roots · What happens: spread out, hold up · To what, where: tall tree, thin soil
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buttress roots), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Buttress | buttress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 roots | compound |
| 2 | roots | root | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 spread | nsubj |
| 3 | spread | spread | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | out | out | ADP | _ | 3 spread | compound:prt |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 6 walls | case |
| 6 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 spread | obl |
| 7 | around | around | ADP | _ | 10 trees | case |
| 8 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 trees | amod |
| 9 | rainforest | rainforest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 trees | compound |
| 10 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 walls | nmod |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 hold | cc |
| 12 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 spread | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 tree | det |
| 14 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 tree | amod |
| 15 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hold | obj |
| 16 | up | up | ADP | _ | 12 hold | compound:prt |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 soil | case |
| 18 | thin | thin | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 soil | amod |
| 19 | soil | soil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 hold | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 spread | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spread out | present | Buttress roots | like walls around many rainforest trees | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | hold up | present | Buttress roots not said here | the tall tree | thin soil | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot tree=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:14.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/14/