The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider, sentence 9

Tapirs are big plant-eaters with a short flexible snout like a little trunk, and they hide in water from jaguars; they are closer relatives of horses and rhinos than of pigs.

Who acts: Tapirs, ants · What happens: be, hide · To what, where: big plant eaters, water, closer relatives

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Amazon forest floor: leafcutters, army ants, tapirs, jaguars and the giant spider» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Tapirs, ants), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Tapirs	tapir	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eaters	nsubj
2	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eaters	cop
3	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 eaters	amod
4	plant	plant	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eaters	compound
5	-	-	PUNCT	_	4 plant	punct
6	eaters	eater	NOUN	Number=Plur	root	root
7	with	with	ADP	_	11 snout	case
8	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	11 snout	det
9	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 snout	amod
10	flexible	flexible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	11 snout	amod
11	snout	snout	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 eaters	nmod
12	like	like	ADP	_	15 trunk	case
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 trunk	det
14	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 trunk	amod
15	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 snout	nmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 hide	punct
17	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 hide	cc
18	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 hide	nsubj
19	hide	hide	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 eaters	conj
20	in	in	ADP	_	21 water	case
21	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 hide	obl
22	from	from	ADP	_	23 jaguars	case
23	jaguars	jaguar	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 hide	obl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	28 relatives	punct
25	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 relatives	nsubj
26	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 relatives	cop
27	closer	close	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	28 relatives	amod
28	relatives	relative	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 eaters	conj
29	of	of	ADP	_	30 horses	case
30	horses	horse	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 relatives	nmod
31	and	and	CCONJ	_	32 rhinos	cc
32	rhinos	rhino	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 horses	conj
33	than	than	ADP	_	35 pigs	case
34	of	of	ADP	_	35 pigs	case
35	pigs	pig	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 horses	nmod
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 eaters	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	Tapirs	big plant eaters and closer relatives		with a short flexible snout like a little trunk	tree rules
2	hide	present	ants = ant		water	from jaguars	vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from jaguar=Beneficiary
3	is a	present	ants = ant	closer relatives		of horses than pigs and rhinos	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:157-the-amazon-forest-floor.lesson:9.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/157-the-amazon-forest-floor/9/