Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru, sentence 9
Electric eels can leap up and press their chin against a threat, so the shock goes straight into it; the scientist Kenneth Catania tested this and wrote about it in 2016 and 2017.
Who acts: Electric eels, shock, scientist · What happens: leap up, press, go, test, write · To what, where: chin, threat, this, 2016
This is a sentence of the lesson «Amazon giants and tall tales: anacondas, caimans, electric eels and the candiru» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Electric eels, shock, scientist), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Electric | electric | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 eels | amod |
| 2 | eels | eel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 leap | nsubj |
| 3 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 leap | aux |
| 4 | leap | leap | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | up | up | ADP | _ | 4 leap | compound:prt |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 press | cc |
| 7 | press | press | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 4 leap | conj |
| 8 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 9 chin | nmod:poss |
| 9 | chin | chin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 press | obj |
| 10 | against | against | ADP | _ | 12 threat | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 threat | det |
| 12 | threat | threat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 press | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 goes | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 goes | advmod |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 shock | det |
| 16 | shock | shock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 goes | nsubj |
| 17 | goes | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 leap | parataxis |
| 18 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 20 it | advmod |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 20 it | case |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 goes | obl |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 26 tested | punct |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 scientist | det |
| 23 | scientist | scientist | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 tested | nsubj |
| 24 | Kenneth | Kenneth | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 scientist | appos |
| 25 | Catania | Catania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Kenneth | flat |
| 26 | tested | test | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 leap | parataxis |
| 27 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 26 tested | obj |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 wrote | cc |
| 29 | wrote | write | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 tested | conj |
| 30 | about | about | ADP | _ | 31 it | case |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 29 wrote | obl |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 33 2016 | case |
| 33 | 2016 | 2016 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 29 wrote | obl |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 2017 | cc |
| 35 | 2017 | 2017 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 33 2016 | conj |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 leap | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap up | can | Electric eels | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | press | infinitive | Electric eels not said here | eels's chin | against a threat | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chin=Theme | |||
| 3 | go | present | the shock | threat | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme into it=Initial_Location | ||||
| 4 | test | past | the scientist | this | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Theme | ||||
| 5 | write | past | the scientist not said here | 2016 | about scientist | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about it=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/158-amazon-giants-and-tall-tales/9/