The Congo river: tigerfish, the deepest river, lungfish and hidden birds, sentence 8
In some caves dwarf crocodiles have turned orange, possibly from living among bat droppings.
Who acts: dwarf crocodiles · What happens: turn, live · To what, where: caves, bat droppings
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Congo river: tigerfish, the deepest river, lungfish and hidden birds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (dwarf crocodiles), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 caves | case |
| 2 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 3 caves | det |
| 3 | caves | cave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 turned | obl |
| 4 | dwarf | dwarf | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 crocodiles | amod |
| 5 | crocodiles | crocodile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 turned | nsubj |
| 6 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 turned | aux |
| 7 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 8 | orange | orange | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 turned | xcomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 possibly | punct |
| 10 | possibly | possibly | ADV | _ | 7 turned | advmod |
| 11 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 12 living | mark |
| 12 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 turned | advcl |
| 13 | among | among | ADP | _ | 15 droppings | case |
| 14 | bat | bat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 droppings | compound |
| 15 | droppings | dropping | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 living | obl |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 turned | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | present · perfect | dwarf crocodiles | some caves | orange, possibly property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in cave=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | live | gerund | dwarf crocodiles not said here | bat droppings | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme among dropping=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:160-the-congo-river.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/160-the-congo-river/8/