Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted, sentence 1
A chameleon's tongue shoots out faster than you can blink, longer than its own body, and snaps back with a cricket stuck to its sticky tip, like a party blower that grabs a sweet.
Who acts: tongue, you, party blower · What happens: shoot out, blink, snap back, stick, grab · To what, where: cricket, sweet
This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tongue, you, party blower), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 chameleon | det |
| 2 | chameleon | chameleon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 tongue | nmod:poss |
| 3 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 2 chameleon | case |
| 4 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 shoots | nsubj |
| 5 | shoots | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | out | out | ADP | _ | 5 shoots | compound:prt |
| 7 | faster | fast | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 5 shoots | advmod |
| 8 | than | than | SCONJ | _ | 11 blink | mark |
| 9 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 11 blink | nsubj |
| 10 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 11 blink | aux |
| 11 | blink | blink | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 faster | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 longer | punct |
| 13 | longer | long | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 17 body | advmod |
| 14 | than | than | ADP | _ | 17 body | case |
| 15 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 body | nmod:poss |
| 16 | own | own | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 body | amod |
| 17 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 blink | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 snaps | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 snaps | cc |
| 20 | snaps | snap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 shoots | conj |
| 21 | back | back | ADV | _ | 20 snaps | advmod |
| 22 | with | with | ADP | _ | 24 cricket | case |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 24 cricket | det |
| 24 | cricket | cricket | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 snaps | obl |
| 25 | stuck | stick | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 cricket | acl |
| 26 | to | to | ADP | _ | 29 tip | case |
| 27 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 tip | nmod:poss |
| 28 | sticky | sticky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 tip | amod |
| 29 | tip | tip | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stuck | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 blower | punct |
| 31 | like | like | ADP | _ | 34 blower | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 blower | det |
| 33 | party | party | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 blower | compound |
| 34 | blower | blower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 stuck | obl |
| 35 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 grabs | nsubj |
| 36 | grabs | grab | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 blower | acl:relcl |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 sweet | det |
| 38 | sweet | sweet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 grabs | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 shoots | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | shoot out | present | a chameleon's tongue | fast property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | blink | can | you | than tongue's own body | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | snap back | present | a chameleon's tongue not said here | with a cricket | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with cricket=Theme | ||||
| 4 | stick | participle | a cricket not said here | to tongue's sticky tip; like a party blower | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to tip=Co-Patient | ||||
| 5 | grab | present | a party blower | a sweet | vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sweet=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R6-punct-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/1/