Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted, sentence 15
Darwin predicted a moth with a tongue about thirty centimetres long from the shape of the star orchid; the moth was found in 1903, after his death, and named with the word praedicta, meaning predicted.
Who acts: Darwin · What happens: predict, find, name, mean, die · To what, where: moth, 1903, word
This is a sentence of the lesson «Madagascar: chameleons, leaf-tailed geckos, tenrecs, baobabs and a moth Darwin predicted» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Darwin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Darwin | Darwin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 predicted | nsubj |
| 2 | predicted | predict | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 moth | det |
| 4 | moth | moth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 predicted | obj |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 tongue | case |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 tongue | det |
| 7 | tongue | tongue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 predicted | obl |
| 8 | about | about | ADP | _ | 10 centimetres | case |
| 9 | thirty | thirty | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 centimetres | nummod |
| 10 | centimetres | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 predicted | obl |
| 11 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 14 shape | advmod |
| 12 | from | from | ADP | _ | 14 shape | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 shape | det |
| 14 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 centimetres | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 orchid | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 orchid | det |
| 17 | star | star | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 orchid | compound |
| 18 | orchid | orchid | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 shape | nmod |
| 19 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 found | punct |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 moth | det |
| 21 | moth | moth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 found | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 found | aux:pass |
| 23 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 predicted | parataxis |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 1903 | case |
| 25 | 1903 | 1903 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 found | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 1903 | punct |
| 27 | after | after | ADP | _ | 29 death | case |
| 28 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 death | nmod:poss |
| 29 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 found | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 named | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 named | cc |
| 32 | named | name | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 23 found | conj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 36 praedicta | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 word | det |
| 35 | word | word | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 named | obl |
| 36 | praedicta | praedicta | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 word | appos |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 meaning | punct |
| 38 | meaning | mean | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 32 named | advcl |
| 39 | predicted | predict | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 meaning | xcomp |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 predicted | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | predict | past | Darwin | a moth | with a tongue; about thirty centimetres from the shape of the star orchid | vn indicate-78 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot moth=Topic | |||
| 2 | find | past · passive | the moth | 1903 | after Darwin's death | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||
| 3 | name | participle | the word | vn appoint-29.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | mean | gerund | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 5 | predict not said to happen | participle | vn indicate-78 «NP V how S»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 6 | die | Darwin | nom death «event intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×5, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/164-madagascar-chameleons-geckos-tenrecs-baobabs-and-darwins-moth/15/