The Australian outback: red kangaroos, emus, thorny devils and runaway camels and toads, sentence 0
The outback is the huge dry middle of Australia: red sand, low bushes, rare rain and heat that can bake the ground, yet it is full of animals that have found clever ways to live there.
Who acts: outback, heat, animals · What happens: be, bake, find, live · To what, where: huge dry middle, ground, clever ways
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Australian outback: red kangaroos, emus, thorny devils and runaway camels and toads» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (outback, heat, animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 outback | det |
| 2 | outback | outback | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 middle | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 middle | cop |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 middle | det |
| 5 | huge | huge | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 middle | amod |
| 6 | dry | dry | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 middle | amod |
| 7 | middle | middle | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 Australia | case |
| 9 | Australia | Australia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 middle | nmod |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 sand | punct |
| 11 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 sand | amod |
| 12 | sand | sand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 middle | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 bushes | punct |
| 14 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 bushes | amod |
| 15 | bushes | bush | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 sand | conj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 rain | punct |
| 17 | rare | rare | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 rain | amod |
| 18 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sand | conj |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 heat | cc |
| 20 | heat | heat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 sand | conj |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 bake | nsubj |
| 22 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 23 bake | aux |
| 23 | bake | bake | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 heat | acl:relcl |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 ground | det |
| 25 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 bake | obj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 full | punct |
| 27 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 30 full | cc |
| 28 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 full | nsubj |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 full | cop |
| 30 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 middle | conj |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 animals | case |
| 32 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 full | obl |
| 33 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 found | nsubj |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 found | aux |
| 35 | found | find | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 32 animals | acl:relcl |
| 36 | clever | clever | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 ways | amod |
| 37 | ways | way | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 found | obj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 live | mark |
| 39 | live | live | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 37 ways | acl |
| 40 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 live | advmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 middle | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | the outback | the huge dry middle and red sand and low bushes and rare rain and heat | of Australia | tree rules | |||
| 2 | bake | can | heat | the ground | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ground=Product | ||||
| 3 | is | present | outback | of animals; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | find | present · perfect | animals | clever ways | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent way=Topic | ||||
| 5 | live | to-infinitive | animals not said here | clever ways not said here | there | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:165-the-australian-outback-kangaroos-emus-thorny-devils-and-runaway-toads.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/165-the-australian-outback-kangaroos-emus-thorny-devils-and-runaway-toads/0/