The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings, sentence 10
Caribou, called reindeer in Europe, make some of the longest land migrations of any animal, and their hooves are soft in summer for wet ground and hard and sharp in winter for digging snow.
Who acts: Caribou, hooves, animal · What happens: call, make, be, dig, migrate · To what, where: reindeer, Europe, some, snow · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Caribou, hooves, animal), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Caribou | Caribou | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 make | nsubj |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 1 Caribou | punct |
| 3 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 1 Caribou | acl |
| 4 | reindeer | reindeer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 called | xcomp |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 Europe | case |
| 6 | Europe | Europe | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 called | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 called | punct |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 8 make | obj |
| 10 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 migrations | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 migrations | det |
| 12 | longest | long | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 14 migrations | amod |
| 13 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 migrations | compound |
| 14 | migrations | migration | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 some | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 animal | case |
| 16 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 17 animal | det |
| 17 | animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 migrations | nmod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 soft | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 soft | cc |
| 20 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 hooves | nmod:poss |
| 21 | hooves | hoof | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 soft | nsubj |
| 22 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 soft | cop |
| 23 | soft | soft | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 make | conj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 summer | case |
| 25 | summer | summer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 soft | obl |
| 26 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 ground | case |
| 27 | wet | wet | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 ground | amod |
| 28 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 soft | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 hard | cc |
| 30 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 soft | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 sharp | cc |
| 32 | sharp | sharp | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 hard | conj |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 winter | case |
| 34 | winter | winter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 soft | obl |
| 35 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 36 digging | mark |
| 36 | digging | dig | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 soft | advcl |
| 37 | snow | snow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 digging | obj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 make | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | participle | Caribou not said here | reindeer | Europe | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | make | present | Caribou | some | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Product | ||||
| 3 | is | present | lemmings's hooves | summer; winter | for wet ground; soft property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | be | lemmings's hooves not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | dig | gerund | lemmings's hooves not said here | snow | vn poke-19-1-1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent snow=Theme | ||||
| 6 | migrate | any animal | nom migration «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/10/