The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings, sentence 16

The Arctic woolly bear caterpillar freezes solid each winter and thaws in summer, and it may take several years to become a moth because summers are so short.

Who acts: Arctic woolly bear caterpillar, summers · What happens: freeze, thaw, take, become, be · To what, where: caterpillar, moth

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Arctic tundra: musk oxen, arctic foxes, snowy owls and the truth about lemmings» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Arctic woolly bear caterpillar, summers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 caterpillar	det
2	Arctic	arctic	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 caterpillar	amod
3	woolly	woolly	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 caterpillar	amod
4	bear	bear	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 caterpillar	compound
5	caterpillar	caterpillar	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 freezes	nsubj
6	freezes	freeze	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
7	solid	solid	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 freezes	xcomp
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	9 winter	det
9	winter	winter	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 freezes	obl:unmarked
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 thaws	cc
11	thaws	thaw	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 freezes	conj
12	in	in	ADP	_	13 summer	case
13	summer	summer	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 thaws	obl
14	,	,	PUNCT	_	18 take	punct
15	and	and	CCONJ	_	18 take	cc
16	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	18 take	expl
17	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	18 take	aux
18	take	take	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	6 freezes	conj
19	several	several	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 years	amod
20	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 take	obj
21	to	to	PART	_	22 become	mark
22	become	become	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	18 take	csubj
23	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 moth	det
24	moth	moth	NOUN	Number=Sing	22 become	xcomp
25	because	because	SCONJ	_	29 short	mark
26	summers	summer	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 short	nsubj
27	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	29 short	cop
28	so	so	ADV	_	29 short	advmod
29	short	short	ADJ	Degree=Pos	18 take	advcl
30	.	.	PUNCT	_	6 freezes	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	freeze	present	the Arctic woolly bear caterpillar		winter	solid property	vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
2	thaw	present	the Arctic woolly bear caterpillar not said here		summer		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
3	take	may	the Arctic woolly bear caterpillar not said here	caterpillar	year		vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	become	to-infinitive		a moth			vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient
5	is	present	summers			short property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/168-the-arctic-tundra-musk-oxen-arctic-foxes-and-the-truth-about-lemmings/16/