How close are apes to us?, sentence 12
The human brain is about three times as big as a chimp's and uses about a fifth of the body's energy at rest.
Who acts: human brain · What happens: be, use · To what, where: fifth, rest
This is a sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (human brain), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 brain | det |
| 2 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 brain | amod |
| 3 | brain | brain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 big | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 big | cop |
| 5 | about | about | ADV | _ | 6 three | advmod |
| 6 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 7 times | nummod |
| 7 | times | time | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 big | obl:unmarked |
| 8 | as | as | ADV | _ | 9 big | advmod |
| 9 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 10 | as | as | ADP | _ | 12 chimp | case |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 chimp | det |
| 12 | chimp | chimp | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 big | obl |
| 13 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 12 chimp | case |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 uses | cc |
| 15 | uses | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 big | conj |
| 16 | about | about | ADP | _ | 18 fifth | case |
| 17 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 fifth | det |
| 18 | fifth | fifth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 uses | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 energy | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 body | det |
| 21 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 energy | nmod:poss |
| 22 | 's | 's | PART | _ | 21 body | case |
| 23 | energy | energy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 fifth | nmod |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 25 rest | case |
| 25 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 uses | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 big | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | the human brain | time | as a chimp; big property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | use | present | the human brain not said here | a fifth of the body's energy | rest | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fifth=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:12.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/12/