How close are apes to us?, sentence 16

Chimp groups have their own traditions, like nut cracking in West Africa but not in East Africa, passed on by copying; scientists call this culture.

Who acts: Chimp groups, scientists · What happens: have, pass on, copy, call · To what, where: own traditions, culture · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Chimp groups, scientists), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Chimp	chimp	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 groups	compound
2	groups	group	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	6 traditions	nmod:poss
5	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 traditions	amod
6	traditions	tradition	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	10 cracking	punct
8	like	like	ADP	_	10 cracking	case
9	nut	nut	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 cracking	compound
10	cracking	crack	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 traditions	nmod
11	in	in	ADP	_	13 Africa	case
12	West	West	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Africa	compound
13	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	10 cracking	nmod
14	but	but	CCONJ	_	18 Africa	cc
15	not	not	PART	Polarity=Neg	18 Africa	advmod
16	in	in	ADP	_	18 Africa	case
17	East	East	PROPN	Number=Sing	18 Africa	compound
18	Africa	Africa	PROPN	Number=Sing	13 Africa	conj
19	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 passed	punct
20	passed	pass	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	3 have	advcl
21	on	on	ADP	_	20 passed	compound:prt
22	by	by	SCONJ	_	23 copying	mark
23	copying	copy	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	20 passed	advcl
24	;	;	PUNCT	_	26 call	punct
25	scientists	scientist	NOUN	Number=Plur	26 call	nsubj
26	call	call	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	parataxis
27	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	28 culture	det
28	culture	culture	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 call	obj
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	have	present	Chimp groups	groups's own traditions	like nut cracking in West Africa but East Africa	vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tradition=Patient
2	pass on	participle	Chimp groups not said here			vn send-11.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
3	copy	gerund	Chimp groups not said here			vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4	call	present	scientists	this culture		vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent culture=Recipient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:16.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/16/