How close are apes to us?, sentence 6

DNA is the set of instructions for building a body that every cell carries; about 98 to 99 percent of the DNA that can be compared is the same in humans and chimps, because we split from a common ancestor about 6 to 7 million years ago; even a small difference in DNA can make a big difference in bodies and brains.

Who acts: DNA, instructions, cell, 98 99 percent, we, small difference · What happens: be, build, carry, compare, split, make · To what, where: set, body, DNA, big difference, bodies

This is a sentence of the lesson «How close are apes to us?» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (DNA, instructions, cell, 98 99 percent), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 set	nsubj
2	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 set	cop
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 set	det
4	set	set	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 same	parataxis
5	of	of	ADP	_	6 instructions	case
6	instructions	instruction	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 set	nmod
7	for	for	SCONJ	_	8 building	mark
8	building	build	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	6 instructions	acl
9	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	10 body	det
10	body	body	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 building	obj
11	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 carries	obj
12	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	13 cell	det
13	cell	cell	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 carries	nsubj
14	carries	carry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	10 body	acl:relcl
15	;	;	PUNCT	_	17 98	punct
16	about	about	ADV	_	17 98	advmod
17	98	98	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 percent	nummod
18	to	to	ADP	_	19 99	case
19	99	99	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	20 percent	nummod
20	percent	percent	NOUN	Number=Sing	30 same	nsubj
21	of	of	ADP	_	23 DNA	case
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 DNA	det
23	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 percent	nmod
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	27 compared	nsubj:pass
25	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	27 compared	aux
26	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	27 compared	aux:pass
27	compared	compare	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	23 DNA	acl:relcl
28	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	30 same	cop
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 same	det
30	same	same	ADJ	Degree=Pos	root	root
31	in	in	ADP	_	32 humans	case
32	humans	human	NOUN	Number=Plur	30 same	obl
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 chimps	cc
34	chimps	chimp	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 humans	conj
35	,	,	PUNCT	_	38 split	punct
36	because	because	SCONJ	_	38 split	mark
37	we	we	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs	38 split	nsubj
38	split	split	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	30 same	advcl
39	from	from	ADP	_	42 ancestor	case
40	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	42 ancestor	det
41	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	42 ancestor	amod
42	ancestor	ancestor	NOUN	Number=Sing	38 split	obl
43	about	about	ADV	_	44 6	advmod
44	6	6	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	48 years	nummod
45	to	to	ADP	_	46 7	case
46	7	7	NUM	NumForm=Digit NumType=Card	44 6	nmod
47	million	million	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	48 years	nummod
48	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	49 ago	obl:unmarked
49	ago	ago	ADV	_	38 split	advmod
50	;	;	PUNCT	_	58 make	punct
51	even	even	ADV	_	54 difference	advmod
52	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	54 difference	det
53	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	54 difference	amod
54	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 make	nsubj
55	in	in	ADP	_	56 DNA	case
56	DNA	DNA	NOUN	Number=Sing	54 difference	nmod
57	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	58 make	aux
58	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	30 same	conj
59	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	61 difference	det
60	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	61 difference	amod
61	difference	difference	NOUN	Number=Sing	58 make	obj
62	in	in	ADP	_	63 bodies	case
63	bodies	body	NOUN	Number=Plur	61 difference	nmod
64	and	and	CCONJ	_	65 brains	cc
65	brains	brain	NOUN	Number=Plur	63 bodies	conj
66	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 set	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	is a	present	DNA	the set		of instructions	tree rules
2	build	gerund	instructions not said here	a body			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset body=Product
3	carry	present	every cell	a body			vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Theme
4	compare	can · passive		the DNA			vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient
5	is	present	98 99 percent of the DNA			in humans and chimps; same property	tree rules
6	split	past	we			from a common ancestor; ago property	vn split-23.2 «NP V PP.co-patient»: agent=Patient from ancestor=Co-Patient
7	make	can	a small difference in DNA	a big difference	bodies and brains		vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset difference=Product

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:017-how-close-are-apes-to-us.lesson:6.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/17-how-close-are-apes-to-us/6/