Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins, sentence 10

Adélie penguins build nests of small stones to keep their eggs above melting snow, and they often steal stones from their neighbours' nests.

Who acts: Adélie penguins, penguins · What happens: build, keep, melt, steal · To what, where: nests, eggs, melting snow, stones

This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Adélie penguins, penguins), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Adélie	Adélie	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 penguins	compound
2	penguins	penguin	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 build	nsubj
3	build	build	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 build	obj
5	of	of	ADP	_	7 stones	case
6	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	7 stones	amod
7	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 nests	nmod
8	to	to	PART	_	9 keep	mark
9	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	3 build	advcl
10	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	11 eggs	nmod:poss
11	eggs	egg	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 keep	obj
12	above	above	ADP	_	14 snow	case
13	melting	melt	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 snow	amod
14	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	9 keep	obl
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	19 steal	punct
16	and	and	CCONJ	_	19 steal	cc
17	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	19 steal	nsubj
18	often	often	ADV	_	19 steal	advmod
19	steal	steal	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 build	conj
20	stones	stone	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 steal	obj
21	from	from	ADP	_	25 nests	case
22	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	23 neighbours	nmod:poss
23	neighbours	neighbour	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 nests	nmod:poss
24	'	's	PART	_	23 neighbours	case
25	nests	nest	NOUN	Number=Plur	19 steal	obl
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 build	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	build	present	Adélie penguins	nests of small stones			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nest=Product
2	keep	to-infinitive	Adélie penguins not said here	penguins's eggs	melting snow		vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent egg=Theme above snow=Location
3	melt	gerund					vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
4	steal	present	penguins = penguin	stones	penguins's neighbours's nests	often property	vn steal-10.5-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent stone=Theme from nest=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/10/