Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins, sentence 7

Weddell seals live farther south than any other mammal and keep breathing holes open in the ice, and their underwater calls sound like science fiction lasers.

Who acts: Weddell seals, underwater calls, seals · What happens: live, keep, breathe, sound, call · To what, where: holes · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Antarctica: emperor huddles, krill, clear-blooded fish and stone-stealing penguins» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Weddell seals, underwater calls, seals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Weddell	Weddell	PROPN	Number=Sing	2 seals	compound
2	seals	seal	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 live	nsubj
3	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	farther	far	ADV	Degree=Cmp	5 south	advmod
5	south	south	ADV	_	3 live	advmod
6	than	than	ADP	_	9 mammal	case
7	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	9 mammal	det
8	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 mammal	amod
9	mammal	mammal	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 south	obl
10	and	and	CCONJ	_	11 keep	cc
11	keep	keep	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 live	conj
12	breathing	breathe	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	11 keep	xcomp
13	holes	hole	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 breathing	obj
14	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 breathing	xcomp
15	in	in	ADP	_	17 ice	case
16	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	17 ice	det
17	ice	ice	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 open	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 sound	punct
19	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 sound	cc
20	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	22 calls	nmod:poss
21	underwater	underwater	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 calls	amod
22	calls	call	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 sound	nsubj
23	sound	sound	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 live	conj
24	like	like	ADP	_	27 lasers	case
25	science	science	NOUN	Number=Sing	26 fiction	compound
26	fiction	fiction	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 lasers	compound
27	lasers	laser	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 sound	obl
28	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 live	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	live	present	Weddell seals		south property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
2	keep	present	Weddell seals not said here			tree rules
3	breathe	gerund	Weddell seals not said here	holes	open property	vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hole=Theme
4	sound	present	seals's underwater calls		like fiction lasers	vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus
5	call		seals = seal			nom call «communication transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins.lesson:7.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R3-conj-first ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/170-antarctica-emperor-huddles-krill-clear-blooded-fish-and-stone-stealing-penguins/7/