The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice, sentence 10

People hunted whales for oil and meat until the 1980s, when most whaling stopped; since then humpback numbers in some places have recovered greatly.

Who acts: People, most whaling, humpback numbers · What happens: hunt, stop, recover · To what, where: whales

This is a sentence of the lesson «The Southern Ocean: blue whales, colossal squid and life under the ice» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (People, most whaling, humpback numbers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	People	people	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hunted	nsubj
2	hunted	hunt	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	whales	whale	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 hunted	obj
4	for	for	ADP	_	5 oil	case
5	oil	oil	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 hunted	obl
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 meat	cc
7	meat	meat	NOUN	Number=Sing	5 oil	conj
8	until	until	ADP	_	10 1980s	case
9	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	10 1980s	det
10	1980s	1980s	NOUN	Number=Ptan NumForm=Combi NumType=Card	2 hunted	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 whaling	punct
12	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	15 stopped	advmod
13	most	most	ADJ	Degree=Sup	14 whaling	amod
14	whaling	whaling	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 stopped	nsubj
15	stopped	stop	VERB	Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 hunted	advcl
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	25 recovered	punct
17	since	since	ADP	_	18 then	case
18	then	then	ADV	PronType=Dem	25 recovered	obl
19	humpback	humpback	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 numbers	compound
20	numbers	number	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 recovered	nsubj
21	in	in	ADP	_	23 places	case
22	some	some	DET	PronType=Ind	23 places	det
23	places	place	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 numbers	nmod
24	have	have	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 recovered	aux
25	recovered	recover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part	2 hunted	parataxis
26	greatly	greatly	ADV	_	25 recovered	advmod
27	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 hunted	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	hunt	past	People	whales	until the 1980s	for oil and meat	vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent whale=Location for oil=Theme
2	stop	past	most whaling				vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality
3	recover	present · perfect	humpback numbers in some places			greatly property	vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/171-the-southern-ocean-blue-whales-colossal-squid-and-life-under-the-ice/10/