Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal, sentence 1

Animals plan their lives around the water: wildebeest must cross rivers to reach new grass, and Nile crocodiles wait at exactly those crossings, like someone waiting at the school gate who knows when the bell rings.

Who acts: Animals, wildebeest, Nile crocodiles, school gate, bell · What happens: plan, cross, reach, wait, know, ring · To what, where: lives, water, rivers, new grass, crossings, school gate · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Great rivers and wetlands: Nile crocodiles, hippos, giant catfish and the Pantanal» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Animals, wildebeest, Nile crocodiles, school gate), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Animals	animal	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 plan	nsubj
2	plan	plan	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	4 lives	nmod:poss
4	lives	life	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 plan	obj
5	around	around	ADP	_	7 water	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 water	det
7	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 plan	obl
8	:	:	PUNCT	_	11 cross	punct
9	wildebeest	wildebeest	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 cross	nsubj
10	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	11 cross	aux
11	cross	cross	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 plan	parataxis
12	rivers	river	NOUN	Number=Plur	11 cross	obj
13	to	to	PART	_	14 reach	mark
14	reach	reach	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	11 cross	advcl
15	new	new	ADJ	Degree=Pos	16 grass	amod
16	grass	grass	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 reach	obj
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 wait	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	21 wait	cc
19	Nile	Nile	PROPN	Number=Sing	20 crocodiles	compound
20	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 wait	nsubj
21	wait	wait	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	11 cross	conj
22	at	at	ADP	_	25 crossings	case
23	exactly	exactly	ADV	_	25 crossings	advmod
24	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	25 crossings	det
25	crossings	crossing	NOUN	Number=Plur	21 wait	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 someone	punct
27	like	like	ADP	_	28 someone	case
28	someone	someone	PRON	Number=Sing PronType=Ind	21 wait	obl
29	waiting	wait	VERB	VerbForm=Ger	28 someone	acl
30	at	at	ADP	_	33 gate	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 gate	det
32	school	school	NOUN	Number=Sing	33 gate	compound
33	gate	gate	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 waiting	obl
34	who	who	PRON	PronType=Rel	35 knows	nsubj
35	knows	know	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	33 gate	acl:relcl
36	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	39 rings	advmod
37	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	38 bell	det
38	bell	bell	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 rings	nsubj
39	rings	ring	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	35 knows	ccomp
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 plan	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	plan	present	Animals	Animals's lives	the water		vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Topic
2	cross	must	wildebeest	rivers			vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient
3	reach	to-infinitive	wildebeest not said here	new grass			vn body_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent grass=Theme
4	wait	present	Nile crocodiles		that crossings	like someone	vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at crossing=Location
5	wait	gerund			the school gate		vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at gate=Location
6	know	present	the school gate				vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus
7	ring	present	the bell				vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/184-great-rivers-and-wetlands-nile-crocodiles-hippos-giant-catfish-and-the-pantanal/1/