Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest, sentence 12

Trap-jaw ants lock their jaws open and snap them shut faster than almost any other animal movement, and they can snap against the ground to flip into the air.

Who acts: jaw ants, kilometres · What happens: lock, snap, flip · To what, where: jaws, ground, air

This is a sentence of the lesson «Record-breakers: the fastest and the slowest» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (jaw ants, kilometres), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trap	trap	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 jaw	compound
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	1 Trap	punct
3	jaw	jaw	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 ants	compound
4	ants	ant	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lock	nsubj
5	lock	lock	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
6	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	7 jaws	nmod:poss
7	jaws	jaw	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 lock	obj
8	open	open	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 lock	xcomp
9	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 snap	cc
10	snap	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 lock	conj
11	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	10 snap	obj
12	shut	shut	ADV	_	10 snap	xcomp
13	faster	fast	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	10 snap	xcomp
14	than	than	ADP	_	19 movement	case
15	almost	almost	ADV	_	19 movement	advmod
16	any	any	DET	PronType=Ind	19 movement	det
17	other	other	ADJ	Degree=Pos	19 movement	amod
18	animal	animal	NOUN	Number=Sing	19 movement	compound
19	movement	movement	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 faster	obl
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 snap	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 snap	cc
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 snap	nsubj
23	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	24 snap	aux
24	snap	snap	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	5 lock	conj
25	against	against	ADP	_	27 ground	case
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 ground	det
27	ground	ground	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 snap	obl
28	to	to	PART	_	29 flip	mark
29	flip	flip	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	24 snap	advcl
30	into	into	ADP	_	32 air	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 air	det
32	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 flip	obl
33	.	.	PUNCT	_	5 lock	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	lock	present	jaw ants	kilometres's jaws		open property	vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jaw=Patient
2	snap	infinitive	jaw ants not said here	jaws = jaw		fast property	vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location they=Theme
3	snap	can	kilometres = kilometre		the ground		vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against ground=Location
4	flip	to-infinitive	kilometres = kilometre not said here		the air		vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent into air=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest.lesson:12.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/185-record-breakers-the-fastest-and-the-slowest/12/