Strange discoveries: living fossils, hidden apes and animals found in drawers, sentence 9
The megamouth shark, which lives deep and eats plankton (tiny animals and plants drifting in the sea), was discovered in 1976 off Hawaii, and fewer than three hundred have ever been seen.
Who acts: megamouth shark, tiny animals · What happens: live, eat, drift, discover, see · To what, where: plankton, sea, megamouth shark, 1976, three hundred
This is a sentence of the lesson «Strange discoveries: living fossils, hidden apes and animals found in drawers» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (megamouth shark, tiny animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 shark | det |
| 2 | megamouth | megamouth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 shark | compound |
| 3 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 discovered | nsubj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 lives | punct |
| 5 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 6 lives | nsubj |
| 6 | lives | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 shark | acl:relcl |
| 7 | deep | deep | ADV | _ | 6 lives | advmod |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 eats | cc |
| 9 | eats | eat | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 lives | conj |
| 10 | plankton | plankton | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 eats | obj |
| 11 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 13 animals | punct |
| 12 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 animals | amod |
| 13 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 plankton | appos |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 plants | cc |
| 15 | plants | plant | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 animals | conj |
| 16 | drifting | drift | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 animals | acl |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 sea | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 sea | det |
| 19 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 drifting | obl |
| 20 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 13 animals | punct |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 shark | punct |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 discovered | aux:pass |
| 23 | discovered | discover | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 1976 | case |
| 25 | 1976 | 1976 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 23 discovered | obl |
| 26 | off | off | ADP | _ | 27 Hawaii | case |
| 27 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 discovered | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 seen | punct |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 seen | cc |
| 30 | fewer | few | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 33 hundred | advmod |
| 31 | than | than | ADP | _ | 30 fewer | fixed |
| 32 | three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 hundred | compound |
| 33 | hundred | hundred | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 37 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 34 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 seen | aux |
| 35 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 37 seen | advmod |
| 36 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 37 seen | aux:pass |
| 37 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 discovered | conj |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 23 discovered | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | live | present | the megamouth shark | deep property | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | eat | present | the megamouth shark not said here | plankton | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plankton=Patient | ||||
| 3 | drift | gerund | tiny animals and plants not said here | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Trajectory | ||||
| 4 | discover | past · passive | the megamouth shark | 1976 | off Hawaii | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Topic | |||
| 5 | see | present · perfect · passive | three hundred | ever | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers.lesson:9.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R2-punct-next ×1, R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/190-strange-discoveries-living-fossils-hidden-apes-and-animals-found-in-drawers/9/