Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, sentence 10
Dachshund means badger dog in German; its long body and short legs let it follow badgers underground, but its long back is easily hurt by jumping off sofas.
Who acts: Dachshund, long body, sight · What happens: mean, let, follow, hurt, jump off · To what, where: badger dog, sight, badgers, long back, sofas
This is a sentence of the lesson «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Dachshund, long body, sight), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Dachshund | dachshund | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 means | nsubj |
| 2 | means | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | badger | badger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 dog | compound |
| 4 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 means | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 German | case |
| 6 | German | German | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 means | obl |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 14 let | punct |
| 8 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 body | nmod:poss |
| 9 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 body | amod |
| 10 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 let | nsubj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 legs | cc |
| 12 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 legs | amod |
| 13 | legs | leg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 body | conj |
| 14 | let | let | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 means | parataxis |
| 15 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 let | obj |
| 16 | follow | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 let | xcomp |
| 17 | badgers | badger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 follow | obj |
| 18 | underground | underground | ADV | _ | 16 follow | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 hurt | punct |
| 20 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 26 hurt | cc |
| 21 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 back | nmod:poss |
| 22 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 back | amod |
| 23 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 hurt | nsubj:pass |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 hurt | aux:pass |
| 25 | easily | easily | ADV | _ | 26 hurt | advmod |
| 26 | hurt | hurt | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 let | conj |
| 27 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 28 jumping | mark |
| 28 | jumping | jump | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 26 hurt | advcl |
| 29 | off | off | ADP | _ | 28 jumping | compound:prt |
| 30 | sofas | sofa | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 jumping | obj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 means | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | mean | present | Dachshund | badger dog | in German | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot dog=Theme in german=Attribute | |||
| 2 | let | present | sight's long body and short legs | sight | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | follow | infinitive | sight not said here | badgers | underground property | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent badger=Theme | |||
| 4 | hurt | present · passive | sight's long back | easily property | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | ||||
| 5 | jump off | gerund | sofas | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme sofa=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds.lesson:10.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×1, R8-pos-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/10/