Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds, sentence 15

The rule of seven dog years for each human year is only a rough guess: dogs grow up very fast in the first year, then age more slowly, and small dogs usually live longer than big ones.

Who acts: rule, dogs, small dogs, seven dog years · What happens: be, grow up, live, rule · To what, where: rough guess

This is a sentence of the lesson «Dogs: from wolves to hundreds of breeds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rule, dogs, small dogs, seven dog years), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 rule	det
2	rule	rule	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 guess	nsubj
3	of	of	ADP	_	6 years	case
4	seven	seven	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	6 years	nummod
5	dog	dog	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 years	compound
6	years	year	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 rule	nmod
7	for	for	ADP	_	10 year	case
8	each	each	DET	PronType=Tot	10 year	det
9	human	human	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 year	amod
10	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	6 years	nmod
11	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 guess	cop
12	only	only	ADV	_	15 guess	advmod
13	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	15 guess	det
14	rough	rough	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 guess	amod
15	guess	guess	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
16	:	:	PUNCT	_	18 grow	punct
17	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	18 grow	nsubj
18	grow	grow	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 guess	parataxis
19	up	up	ADP	_	18 grow	compound:prt
20	very	very	ADV	_	21 fast	advmod
21	fast	fast	ADV	Degree=Pos	18 grow	advmod
22	in	in	ADP	_	25 year	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	25 year	det
24	first	first	ADJ	Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord	25 year	amod
25	year	year	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 grow	obl
26	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 age	punct
27	then	the	ADV	_	28 age	advmod
28	age	age	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 guess	parataxis
29	more	more	ADV	Degree=Cmp	30 slowly	advmod
30	slowly	slowly	ADV	_	28 age	advmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	36 live	punct
32	and	and	CCONJ	_	36 live	cc
33	small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	34 dogs	amod
34	dogs	dog	NOUN	Number=Plur	36 live	nsubj
35	usually	usually	ADV	_	36 live	advmod
36	live	live	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	18 grow	conj
37	longer	long	ADV	Degree=Cmp	36 live	advmod
38	than	than	ADP	_	40 ones	case
39	big	big	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 ones	amod
40	ones	one	NOUN	Number=Plur	37 longer	obl
41	.	.	PUNCT	_	15 guess	punct

Pragmatics

No stored speech act for this sentence.

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the rule of seven dog years for each human year	a rough guess			tree rules
2	grow up	present	dogs		year	fast property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	live	present	small dogs			long, usually property	vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	rule		seven dog years for each human year				nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/192-dogs-from-wolves-to-hundreds-of-breeds/15/