Training a dog with rewards and patience, sentence 10

Puppies chew because it is normal for them, especially while their teeth are coming through; swapping the shoe for a chew toy teaches what is allowed.

Who acts: Puppies, puppy, teeth, swapping · What happens: chew, be, come through, swap, teach, allow · To what, where: shoe · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Training a dog with rewards and patience» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Puppies, puppy, teeth, swapping), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Puppies	puppy	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 chew	nsubj
2	chew	chew	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	because	because	SCONJ	_	6 normal	mark
4	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 normal	nsubj
5	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	6 normal	cop
6	normal	normal	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 chew	advcl
7	for	for	ADP	_	8 them	case
8	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	6 normal	obl
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	15 coming	punct
10	especially	especially	ADV	_	15 coming	advmod
11	while	while	SCONJ	_	15 coming	mark
12	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	13 teeth	nmod:poss
13	teeth	tooth	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 coming	nsubj
14	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	15 coming	aux
15	coming	come	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	6 normal	advcl
16	through	through	ADP	_	15 coming	obl
17	;	;	PUNCT	_	18 swapping	punct
18	swapping	swap	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	25 teaches	csubj
19	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	20 shoe	det
20	shoe	shoe	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 swapping	obj
21	for	for	ADP	_	24 toy	case
22	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	24 toy	det
23	chew	chew	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 toy	compound
24	toy	toy	NOUN	Number=Sing	18 swapping	obl
25	teaches	teach	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 chew	parataxis
26	what	what	PRON	PronType=Int	25 teaches	obj
27	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	28 allowed	aux:pass
28	allowed	allow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	26 what	acl:relcl
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 chew	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	chew	present	Puppies			vn chew-39.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent
2	is	present	puppy		for tricks = trick; normal property	tree rules
3	come through	present · progressive	tricks's teeth		especially property	vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	swap	gerund		the shoe	for a chew toy	vn exchange-13.6.1 «NP V NP PP.co-theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme for toy=Co-Theme
5	teach speech: other	present	swapping			vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent what=Recipient
6	allow	present · passive				vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S_ING»

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience.lesson:10.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/195-training-a-dog-with-rewards-and-patience/10/