The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy, sentence 18

Trees release so much water from their leaves that the Amazon makes much of its own rain, so cutting down the forest can make the region drier.

Who acts: Trees, Amazon, cutting · What happens: release, make, cut down, rain · To what, where: much water, leaves, much, forest, region

This is a sentence of the lesson «The rainforest from the top: emergent layer and canopy» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Trees, Amazon, cutting), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Trees	tree	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 release	nsubj
2	release	release	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	so	so	ADV	_	4 much	advmod
4	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 water	amod
5	water	water	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 release	obj
6	from	from	ADP	_	8 leaves	case
7	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	8 leaves	nmod:poss
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 release	obl
9	that	that	SCONJ	_	12 makes	mark
10	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	11 Amazon	det
11	Amazon	Amazon	PROPN	Number=Sing	12 makes	nsubj
12	makes	make	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	2 release	parataxis
13	much	much	ADJ	Degree=Pos	12 makes	obj
14	of	of	ADP	_	17 rain	case
15	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	17 rain	nmod:poss
16	own	own	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 rain	amod
17	rain	rain	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 much	nmod
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 cutting	punct
19	so	so	ADV	_	25 make	advmod
20	cutting	cut	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	25 make	csubj
21	down	down	ADP	_	20 cutting	compound:prt
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 forest	det
23	forest	forest	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 cutting	obj
24	can	can	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	25 make	aux
25	make	make	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 release	parataxis
26	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	27 region	det
27	region	region	NOUN	Number=Sing	25 make	obj
28	drier	drier	ADJ	Degree=Cmp	25 make	xcomp
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 release	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	release	present	Trees	much water	trees's leaves		vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer water=Source
2	make	present	the Amazon	much of Amazon's own rain			vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Product
3	cut down	gerund		the forest			vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset forest=Product
4	make	can	cutting	the region		drier property	vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset region=Product
5	rain		Amazon				nom rain «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:002-the-rainforest-from-the-top.lesson:18.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3, R7-rel-agree ×2, R8-pos-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/2-the-rainforest-from-the-top/18/