Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat, sentence 15

Cats twist in the air to land on their feet, the righting reflex, but it is a myth that they are always safe when they fall, so keep windows and balconies closed.

Who acts: Cats, whiskers, windows · What happens: twist, land, be, fall, keep, close · To what, where: air, feet, myth, windows

This is a sentence of the lesson «Leopards, jaguars, cheetahs and the house cat» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cats, whiskers, windows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Cats	cat	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 twist	nsubj
2	twist	twist	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	in	in	ADP	_	5 air	case
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 air	det
5	air	air	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 twist	obl
6	to	to	PART	_	7 land	mark
7	land	land	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 twist	advcl
8	on	on	ADP	_	10 feet	case
9	their	their	PRON	Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	10 feet	nmod:poss
10	feet	foot	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 land	obl
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	14 reflex	punct
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	14 reflex	det
13	righting	righting	NOUN	Number=Sing	14 reflex	compound
14	reflex	reflex	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 feet	appos
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 myth	punct
16	but	but	CCONJ	_	20 myth	cc
17	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 myth	expl
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	20 myth	cop
19	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	20 myth	det
20	myth	myth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 twist	conj
21	that	that	SCONJ	_	25 safe	mark
22	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	25 safe	nsubj
23	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 safe	cop
24	always	always	ADV	PronType=Tot	25 safe	advmod
25	safe	safe	ADJ	Degree=Pos	20 myth	acl
26	when	when	SCONJ	_	28 fall	mark
27	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 fall	nsubj
28	fall	fall	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 safe	advcl
29	,	,	PUNCT	_	31 keep	punct
30	so	so	ADV	_	31 keep	advmod
31	keep	keep	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	2 twist	parataxis
32	windows	window	NOUN	Number=Plur	31 keep	obj
33	and	and	CCONJ	_	34 balconies	cc
34	balconies	balcony	NOUN	Number=Plur	32 windows	conj
35	closed	close	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	31 keep	xcomp
36	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 twist	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	twist	present	Cats		the air		vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme in air=Trajectory
2	land	to-infinitive	Cats not said here		whiskers's feet		vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on foot=Destination
3	is a	present	Cats not said here	a myth			tree rules
4	is	present	whiskers = whisker	a myth not said here		always, safe property	tree rules
5	fall	present	whiskers = whisker				vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme
6	keep	infinitive		windows and balconies			tree rules
7	close	participle	windows and balconies not said here				vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:020-leopards-jaguars-cheetahs-and-the-house-cat.lesson:15.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

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