Budgies and canaries, sentence 2
That is why a budgie chatters, whistles and bobs its head all day, why it stares into a mirror as if at a friend, and why it is happiest with another budgie beside it.
Who acts: That, budgie, bird · What happens: be, chatter, whistle, bob, stare · To what, where: head
This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (That, budgie, bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 why | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | cop |
| 3 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Rel | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 budgie | det |
| 5 | budgie | budgie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 chatters | nsubj |
| 6 | chatters | chatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 why | ccomp |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 whistles | punct |
| 8 | whistles | whistle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 chatters | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 bobs | cc |
| 10 | bobs | bob | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 chatters | conj |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 head | nmod:poss |
| 12 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bobs | obj |
| 13 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 14 day | det |
| 14 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 bobs | obl:unmarked |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 stares | punct |
| 16 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 18 stares | advmod |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 stares | nsubj |
| 18 | stares | stare | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 chatters | conj |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 mirror | case |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 mirror | det |
| 21 | mirror | mirror | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 stares | obl |
| 22 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 26 friend | mark |
| 23 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 26 friend | mark |
| 24 | at | at | ADP | _ | 26 friend | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 friend | det |
| 26 | friend | friend | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 stares | advcl |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 happiest | punct |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 happiest | cc |
| 29 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 happiest | advmod |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 happiest | nsubj |
| 31 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 happiest | cop |
| 32 | happiest | happy | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 6 chatters | conj |
| 33 | with | with | ADP | _ | 35 budgie | case |
| 34 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 35 budgie | det |
| 35 | budgie | budgie | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 happiest | obl |
| 36 | beside | beside | ADP | _ | 37 it | case |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 happiest | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 why | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | That | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | chatter | present | a budgie | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | whistle | present | a budgie not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | bob | present | a budgie not said here | bird's head | day | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Patient | |||
| 5 | stare | present | bird | into a mirror | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent into mirror=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is | present | bird | with another budgie; beside friend; happy property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:2.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/2/