Budgies and canaries, sentence 5
Budgies are very chatty birds that chatter and whistle a lot, and some pet budgies have learnt to say hundreds of words.
Who acts: Budgies, chatty birds, pet budgies · What happens: be, chatter, whistle, learn, say · To what, where: chatty birds, lot, hundreds · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Budgies, chatty birds, pet budgies), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Budgies | budgie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 birds | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 birds | cop |
| 3 | very | very | ADV | _ | 4 chatty | advmod |
| 4 | chatty | chatty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 birds | amod |
| 5 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 chatter | nsubj |
| 7 | chatter | chatter | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 birds | acl:relcl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 whistle | cc |
| 9 | whistle | whistle | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 chatter | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 lot | det |
| 11 | lot | lot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 whistle | obj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 learnt | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 learnt | cc |
| 14 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 16 budgies | det |
| 15 | pet | pet | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 budgies | compound |
| 16 | budgies | budgie | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 learnt | nsubj |
| 17 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 learnt | aux |
| 18 | learnt | learn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 5 birds | conj |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 say | mark |
| 20 | say | say | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 18 learnt | xcomp |
| 21 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 say | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 words | case |
| 23 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hundreds | nmod |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 birds | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Budgies | chatty birds | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | chatter | present | chatty birds | vn animal_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | whistle | present | chatty birds not said here | a lot | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lot=Topic | ||||
| 4 | learn | present · perfect | some pet budgies | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | say speech: assert | to-infinitive | some pet budgies not said here | hundreds of words | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hundred=Topic |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:5.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×3. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/5/