Budgies and canaries, sentence 4

Small birds have very delicate lungs, need to fly every day and need more than seeds, so a good owner watches them closely: a fluffed-up, quiet bird may be ill.

Who acts: Small birds, good owner, fluffed quiet bird · What happens: have, need, fly, watch, fluff up, be · To what, where: delicate lungs, more, lungs

This is a sentence of the lesson «Budgies and canaries» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Small birds, good owner, fluffed quiet bird), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Small	small	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 birds	amod
2	birds	bird	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	nsubj
3	have	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	very	very	ADV	_	5 delicate	advmod
5	delicate	delicate	ADJ	Degree=Pos	6 lungs	amod
6	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 have	obj
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	8 need	punct
8	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	conj
9	to	to	PART	_	10 fly	mark
10	fly	fly	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	8 need	xcomp
11	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	12 day	det
12	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	10 fly	obl:unmarked
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 need	cc
14	need	need	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	8 need	conj
15	more	more	ADJ	Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV	14 need	obj
16	than	than	ADP	_	15 more	fixed
17	seeds	seed	NOUN	Number=Plur	15 more	obl
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 watches	punct
19	so	so	ADV	_	23 watches	advmod
20	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	22 owner	det
21	good	good	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 owner	amod
22	owner	owner	NOUN	Number=Sing	23 watches	nsubj
23	watches	watch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 have	parataxis
24	them	they	PRON	Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	23 watches	obj
25	closely	closely	ADV	_	23 watches	advmod
26	:	:	PUNCT	_	36 ill	punct
27	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	33 bird	det
28	fluffed	fluff	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	33 bird	amod
29	-	-	PUNCT	_	28 fluffed	punct
30	up	up	ADP	_	28 fluffed	compound:prt
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	28 fluffed	punct
32	quiet	quiet	ADJ	Degree=Pos	33 bird	amod
33	bird	bird	NOUN	Number=Sing	36 ill	nsubj
34	may	may	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	36 ill	aux
35	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	36 ill	cop
36	ill	ill	ADJ	Degree=Pos	23 watches	conj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	3 have	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
hedged: yes
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	when	other	roles by
1	have	present	Small birds	delicate lungs			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lung=Patient
2	need	present	Small birds not said here				vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme
3	fly not said to happen	to-infinitive	Small birds not said here		day		vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
4	need	present	Small birds not said here	more			vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot more=Theme
5	watch	present	a good owner	lungs = lung		closely property	vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme
6	fluff up	participle					vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient
7	is	may	a fluffed quiet bird			ill property	tree rules

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:205-budgies-and-canaries.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R1-cc-next ×1, R4-particle ×1, R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/205-budgies-and-canaries/4/