Elephants: the trunk and everything it does, sentence 1

The trunk is the elephant's nose and top lip grown long and joined together, with two nostrils running all the way down it and no bones at all, only tens of thousands of little muscle bundles.

Who acts: trunk, two nostrils · What happens: be, grow, join, run · To what, where: nose, top lip, way

This is a sentence of the lesson «Elephants: the trunk and everything it does» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (trunk, two nostrils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	The	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	2 trunk	det
2	trunk	trunk	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 nose	nsubj
3	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	7 nose	cop
4	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	5 elephant	det
5	elephant	elephant	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 nose	nmod:poss
6	's	's	PART	_	5 elephant	case
7	nose	nose	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
8	and	and	CCONJ	_	10 lip	cc
9	top	top	ADJ	Degree=Pos	10 lip	amod
10	lip	lip	NOUN	Number=Sing	7 nose	conj
11	grown	grow	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	10 lip	acl
12	long	long	ADV	Degree=Pos	11 grown	advmod
13	and	and	CCONJ	_	14 joined	cc
14	joined	join	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	11 grown	conj
15	together	together	ADV	_	14 joined	advmod
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	20 running	punct
17	with	with	SCONJ	_	20 running	mark
18	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	19 nostrils	nummod
19	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	Number=Plur	20 running	nsubj
20	running	run	VERB	Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part	14 joined	advcl
21	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	23 way	det:predet
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 way	det
23	way	way	NOUN	Number=Sing	20 running	obl:unmarked
24	down	down	ADV	_	23 way	advmod
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	20 running	obl
26	and	and	CCONJ	_	28 bones	cc
27	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	28 bones	det
28	bones	bone	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 nose	conj
29	at	at	ADP	_	30 all	case
30	all	all	DET	PronType=Tot	28 bones	nmod
31	,	,	PUNCT	_	33 tens	punct
32	only	only	ADV	_	33 tens	advmod
33	tens	ten	NOUN	Number=Plur	7 nose	conj
34	of	of	ADP	_	35 thousands	case
35	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	33 tens	nmod
36	of	of	ADP	_	39 bundles	case
37	little	little	ADJ	Degree=Pos	39 bundles	amod
38	muscle	muscle	NOUN	Number=Sing	39 bundles	compound
39	bundles	bundle	NOUN	Number=Plur	35 thousands	nmod
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	7 nose	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	the trunk	the elephant's nose and top lip and no bones at all and tens of thousands of little muscle bundles		tree rules
2	grow	participle		top lip not said here	long property	vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme
3	join	past			together property	vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient
4	run	gerund	two nostrils	all way	elephant obl	vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:021-elephants-the-trunk.lesson:1.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/21-elephants-the-trunk/1/