Pigs: mud, snouts and brains, sentence 8
Pigs are among the most intelligent farm animals: they solve puzzles, learn names, and in a study reported in 2021 pigs used a joystick with their snouts to play a simple computer game.
Who acts: Pigs · What happens: be, solve, learn, report, use, play · To what, where: puzzles, names, study, 2021, joystick, simple computer game
This is a sentence of the lesson «Pigs: mud, snouts and brains» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pigs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 animals | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 animals | cop |
| 3 | among | among | ADP | _ | 8 animals | case |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 animals | det |
| 5 | most | most | ADV | Degree=Sup | 6 intelligent | advmod |
| 6 | intelligent | intelligent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 animals | amod |
| 7 | farm | farm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 animals | compound |
| 8 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 9 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 11 solve | punct |
| 10 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 solve | nsubj |
| 11 | solve | solve | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 animals | parataxis |
| 12 | puzzles | puzzle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 solve | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 learn | punct |
| 14 | learn | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 solve | conj |
| 15 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 learn | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 used | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 used | cc |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 20 study | case |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 study | det |
| 20 | study | study | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 used | obl |
| 21 | reported | report | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 study | acl |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 2021 | case |
| 23 | 2021 | 2021 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 21 reported | obl |
| 24 | pigs | pig | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 used | nsubj |
| 25 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 learn | conj |
| 26 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 27 joystick | det |
| 27 | joystick | joystick | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 used | obj |
| 28 | with | with | ADP | _ | 30 snouts | case |
| 29 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 30 snouts | nmod:poss |
| 30 | snouts | snout | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 used | obl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 play | mark |
| 32 | play | play | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 used | advcl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 36 game | det |
| 34 | simple | simple | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 game | amod |
| 35 | computer | computer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 game | compound |
| 36 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 play | obj |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 animals | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | Pigs | among the intelligent farm animals | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | solve | present | pigs = pig | puzzles | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent puzzle=Topic | ||||
| 3 | learn | present | pigs = pig not said here | names | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Topic | ||||
| 4 | report | participle | a study not said here | 2021 | vn characterize-29.2-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | use | past | pigs | a joystick | a study | with pigs's snouts | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent joystick=Patient | ||
| 6 | play | to-infinitive | pigs not said here | a simple computer game | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:210-pigs-mud-snouts-and-brains.lesson:8.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R6-punct-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/210-pigs-mud-snouts-and-brains/8/