Foxes and squirrels, sentence 13
Grey squirrels were brought to Britain from North America; they carry a virus deadly to red squirrels and take their food, so reds now live mostly in Scotland and a few other places such as islands.
Who acts: Studies, reds · What happens: bring, carry, take, live · To what, where: Grey squirrels, Britain, North America, virus, food, Scotland
This is a sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Studies, reds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Grey | grey | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 squirrels | amod |
| 2 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 brought | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | aux:pass |
| 4 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 6 Britain | case |
| 6 | Britain | Britain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 brought | obl |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 9 America | case |
| 8 | North | North | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 America | compound |
| 9 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 brought | obl |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 carry | punct |
| 11 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 carry | nsubj |
| 12 | carry | carry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | parataxis |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 virus | det |
| 14 | virus | virus | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 carry | obj |
| 15 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 carry | xcomp |
| 16 | to | to | ADP | _ | 18 squirrels | case |
| 17 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 squirrels | amod |
| 18 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 deadly | obl |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 take | cc |
| 20 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 carry | conj |
| 21 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 food | nmod:poss |
| 22 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 take | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 live | punct |
| 24 | so | so | ADV | _ | 27 live | advmod |
| 25 | reds | red | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 live | nsubj |
| 26 | now | now | ADV | _ | 27 live | advmod |
| 27 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 brought | parataxis |
| 28 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 27 live | advmod |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 Scotland | case |
| 30 | Scotland | Scotland | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 live | obl |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 places | cc |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 places | det |
| 33 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 places | amod |
| 34 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 places | amod |
| 35 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 Scotland | conj |
| 36 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 38 islands | case |
| 37 | as | as | ADP | _ | 36 such | fixed |
| 38 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 places | nmod |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 brought | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring | past · passive | Grey squirrels | Britain | North America | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: subject=Theme to britain=Destination from america=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | carry | present | Studies = study | a virus | deadly property | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent virus=Theme | |||
| 3 | take | present | Studies = study not said here | Studies's food | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent food=Theme | ||||
| 4 | live | present | reds | Scotland and a few other places such islands | now | mostly property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in scotland=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:13.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/13/