Foxes and squirrels, sentence 15
Squirrels are rodents whose front teeth grow all the time, about fifteen centimetres a year, and gnawing hard nuts wears them down.
Who acts: Squirrels, front teeth, gnawing · What happens: be, grow, gnaw, wear down · To what, where: rodents, fifteen centimetres, hard nuts, nuts
This is a sentence of the lesson «Foxes and squirrels» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Squirrels, front teeth, gnawing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 rodents | nsubj |
| 2 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 rodents | cop |
| 3 | rodents | rodent | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 4 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 6 teeth | nmod:poss |
| 5 | front | front | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 teeth | amod |
| 6 | teeth | tooth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 grow | nsubj |
| 7 | grow | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 rodents | acl:relcl |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 time | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 time | det |
| 10 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 grow | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 centimetres | punct |
| 12 | about | about | ADV | _ | 13 fifteen | advmod |
| 13 | fifteen | fifteen | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 14 centimetres | nummod |
| 14 | centimetres | centimetre | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 grow | obl |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 year | det |
| 16 | year | year | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 centimetres | nmod:unmarked |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 wears | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 wears | cc |
| 19 | gnawing | gnaw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 wears | csubj |
| 20 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 nuts | amod |
| 21 | nuts | nut | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 gnawing | obj |
| 22 | wears | wear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 grow | conj |
| 23 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 wears | obj |
| 24 | down | down | ADP | _ | 22 wears | compound:prt |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 rodents | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is a | present | Squirrels | rodents | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | grow | present | front teeth | fifteen centimetres a year | time | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 3 | gnaw | gerund | hard nuts | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nut=Patient | |||||
| 4 | wear down | present | gnawing | nuts = nut | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent they=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:215-foxes-and-squirrels.lesson:15.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/215-foxes-and-squirrels/15/