Worms, snails and slugs, sentence 2

A worm has no eyes and no lungs; it breathes through its damp skin, which is why it must stay moist and dies quickly if it dries out in the sun.

Who acts: worm, damp skin · What happens: have, breathe, be, die, dry out · To what, where: eyes, damp skin, sun.

This is a sentence of the lesson «Worms, snails and slugs» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (worm, damp skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 worm	det
2	worm	worm	NOUN	Number=Sing	3 has	nsubj
3	has	have	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	root	root
4	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	5 eyes	det
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	Number=Plur	3 has	obj
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	8 lungs	cc
7	no	no	DET	PronType=Neg	8 lungs	det
8	lungs	lung	NOUN	Number=Plur	5 eyes	conj
9	;	;	PUNCT	_	11 breathes	punct
10	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	11 breathes	nsubj
11	breathes	breathe	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	3 has	parataxis
12	through	through	ADP	_	15 skin	case
13	its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	15 skin	nmod:poss
14	damp	damp	ADJ	Degree=Pos	15 skin	amod
15	skin	skin	NOUN	Number=Sing	11 breathes	obl
16	,	,	PUNCT	_	22 stay	punct
17	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	22 stay	nsubj
18	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 stay	cop
19	why	why	ADV	PronType=Int	22 stay	advmod
20	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	22 stay	nsubj
21	must	must	AUX	VerbForm=Fin	22 stay	aux
22	stay	stay	VERB	VerbForm=Inf	15 skin	acl:relcl
23	moist	moist	ADJ	Degree=Pos	22 stay	xcomp
24	and	and	CCONJ	_	25 dies	cc
25	dies	die	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	22 stay	conj
26	quickly	quickly	ADV	_	25 dies	advmod
27	if	if	SCONJ	_	29 dries	mark
28	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	29 dries	nsubj
29	dries	dry	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 dies	advcl
30	out	out	ADP	_	29 dries	compound:prt
31	in	in	ADP	_	33 sun.	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 sun.	det
33	sun.	sun	NOUN	Number=Sing	29 dries	obl

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	have	present	a worm	no eyes and no lungs			vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient
2	breathe	present	worm		worm's damp skin		vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
3	is	must · present	worm's damp skin			moist, stay property	tree rules
4	die	present	worm's damp skin not said here			quickly property	vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute
5	dry out a condition, not said to happen	present	worm		the sun.		vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:217-worms-snails-and-slugs.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/217-worms-snails-and-slugs/2/