Butterflies, moths and ladybirds, sentence 0
A fat green caterpillar munches leaves for weeks, then hangs up and hardens into a chrysalis, and inside that little case its body breaks down and is rebuilt into a butterfly, like a house taken apart and built again as something new.
Who acts: fat green caterpillar, body · What happens: munch, hang up, harden, break down, rebuild, take apart · To what, where: leaves, chrysalis, little case, house
This is a sentence of the lesson «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (fat green caterpillar, body), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 caterpillar | det |
| 2 | fat | fat | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 caterpillar | amod |
| 3 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 caterpillar | amod |
| 4 | caterpillar | caterpillar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 munches | nsubj |
| 5 | munches | munch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 munches | obj |
| 7 | for | for | ADP | _ | 8 weeks | case |
| 8 | weeks | week | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 munches | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 hangs | punct |
| 10 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 11 hangs | advmod |
| 11 | hangs | hang | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 munches | conj |
| 12 | up | up | ADP | _ | 11 hangs | compound:prt |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 hardens | cc |
| 14 | hardens | harden | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 hangs | conj |
| 15 | into | into | ADP | _ | 17 chrysalis | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 chrysalis | det |
| 17 | chrysalis | chrysalis | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 hardens | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 breaks | punct |
| 19 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 breaks | cc |
| 20 | inside | inside | ADP | _ | 23 case | case |
| 21 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 case | det |
| 22 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 case | amod |
| 23 | case | case | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 breaks | obl |
| 24 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 body | nmod:poss |
| 25 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 breaks | nsubj |
| 26 | breaks | break | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 munches | parataxis |
| 27 | down | down | ADP | _ | 26 breaks | compound:prt |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 rebuilt | cc |
| 29 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 30 rebuilt | aux:pass |
| 30 | rebuilt | rebuild | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 26 breaks | conj |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 butterfly | case |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 butterfly | det |
| 33 | butterfly | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rebuilt | obl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 house | punct |
| 35 | like | like | ADP | _ | 37 house | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 house | det |
| 37 | house | house | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 rebuilt | obl |
| 38 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 37 house | acl |
| 39 | apart | apart | ADV | _ | 38 taken | advmod |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 built | cc |
| 41 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 38 taken | conj |
| 42 | again | again | ADV | _ | 41 built | advmod |
| 43 | as | as | ADP | _ | 44 something | case |
| 44 | something | something | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 41 built | obl |
| 45 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 something | amod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 munches | punct |
Pragmatics
- form
- statement
- act
- assert
- voice
- narrator
- polarity
- none
- teacher
- kept the draft
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | munch | present | a fat green caterpillar | leaves | week | vn chew-39.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | |||
| 2 | hang up | present | a fat green caterpillar not said here | then | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | harden | present | a fat green caterpillar not said here | a chrysalis | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | break down | present | caterpillar's body | that little case | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | rebuild | present · passive | caterpillar's body not said here | into a butterfly; like a house | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP» | ||||
| 6 | take apart | participle | a house not said here | apart property | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | build | participle | again | as something | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds.lesson:0.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1, R7-rel-agree ×2. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/0/