Butterflies, moths and ladybirds, sentence 1
A butterfly lands on a leaf and tastes it with its feet, to check whether it is the right plant for its eggs, and it basks in the sun because a cold butterfly cannot fly.
Who acts: butterfly, cold butterfly · What happens: land, taste, check, be, bask, not fly · To what, where: leaf, butterfly, right plant, sun
This is a sentence of the lesson «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (butterfly, cold butterfly), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 butterfly | det |
| 2 | butterfly | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lands | nsubj |
| 3 | lands | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 leaf | case |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 leaf | det |
| 6 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lands | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 tastes | cc |
| 8 | tastes | taste | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 lands | conj |
| 9 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 tastes | obj |
| 10 | with | with | ADP | _ | 12 feet | case |
| 11 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 feet | nmod:poss |
| 12 | feet | foot | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 tastes | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 check | punct |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 check | mark |
| 15 | check | check | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 8 tastes | advcl |
| 16 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 21 plant | mark |
| 17 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 21 plant | nsubj |
| 18 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 plant | cop |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 plant | det |
| 20 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 plant | amod |
| 21 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 check | ccomp |
| 22 | for | for | ADP | _ | 24 eggs | case |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 eggs | nmod:poss |
| 24 | eggs | egg | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 plant | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 basks | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 basks | cc |
| 27 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 basks | nsubj |
| 28 | basks | bask | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 tastes | conj |
| 29 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 sun | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 sun | det |
| 31 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 basks | obl |
| 32 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 38 fly | mark |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 35 butterfly | det |
| 34 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 butterfly | amod |
| 35 | butterfly | butterfly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 fly | nsubj |
| 36 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 fly | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 fly | advmod |
| 38 | fly | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 basks | advcl |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lands | punct |
Pragmatics
No stored speech act for this sentence.
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | land | present | a butterfly | a leaf | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on leaf=Destination | ||||
| 2 | taste | present | a butterfly not said here | butterfly | with butterfly's feet | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme it=Attribute | |||
| 3 | check | to-infinitive | a butterfly not said here | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | is a | present | butterfly | the right plant | for butterfly's eggs | tree rules | |||
| 5 | bask | present | butterfly | the sun | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 6 | not fly | can | a cold butterfly | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds.lesson:1.
The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.
See the release 0.4.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/1/