Butterflies, moths and ladybirds, sentence 2

Its wings are covered with thousands of tiny scales, like the tiles on a roof, and those scales are the powder that comes off on your fingers if you touch one.

Who acts: scales, powder, you · What happens: cover, be, come off, touch · To what, where: wings, powder, fingers, one

This is a sentence of the lesson «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (scales, powder, you), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Its	its	PRON	Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	2 wings	nmod:poss
2	wings	wing	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 covered	nsubj:pass
3	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	4 covered	aux:pass
4	covered	cover	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	root	root
5	with	with	ADP	_	6 thousands	case
6	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	4 covered	obl
7	of	of	ADP	_	9 scales	case
8	tiny	tiny	ADJ	Degree=Pos	9 scales	amod
9	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	6 thousands	nmod
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	13 tiles	punct
11	like	like	ADP	_	13 tiles	case
12	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	13 tiles	det
13	tiles	tile	NOUN	Number=Plur	9 scales	nmod
14	on	on	ADP	_	16 roof	case
15	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	16 roof	det
16	roof	roof	NOUN	Number=Sing	13 tiles	nmod
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	23 powder	punct
18	and	and	CCONJ	_	23 powder	cc
19	those	that	DET	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	20 scales	det
20	scales	scale	NOUN	Number=Plur	23 powder	nsubj
21	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 powder	cop
22	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	23 powder	det
23	powder	powder	NOUN	Number=Sing	4 covered	conj
24	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	25 comes	nsubj
25	comes	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	23 powder	acl:relcl
26	off	off	ADP	_	25 comes	compound:prt
27	on	on	ADP	_	29 fingers	case
28	your	your	PRON	Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs	29 fingers	nmod:poss
29	fingers	finger	NOUN	Number=Plur	25 comes	obl
30	if	if	SCONJ	_	32 touch	mark
31	you	you	PRON	Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs	32 touch	nsubj
32	touch	touch	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	25 comes	advcl
33	one	one	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	32 touch	obj
34	.	.	PUNCT	_	4 covered	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: kept the draft

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	other	roles by
1	cover	present · passive		butterfly's wings		with thousands of tiny scales like the tiles on a roof	vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Destination with thousand=Theme
2	is a	present	that scales	the powder			tree rules
3	come off	present	the powder		your fingers		vn occur-48.3-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on finger=Location
4	touch a condition, not said to happen	present	you	one			vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme one=Co-Theme

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds.lesson:2.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): no change. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/2/