Butterflies, moths and ladybirds, sentence 4

A ladybird's bright red and black coat is a warning sign that says «I taste horrible», and every gardener loves it because it eats thousands of the aphids that suck the plants.

Who acts: bright red coat, warning sign, gardener, aphids · What happens: be, say, taste, love, eat, suck · To what, where: warning sign, », coat, thousands, plants · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of the lesson «Butterflies, moths and ladybirds» of the biology course of Mova's primary school. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bright red coat, warning sign, gardener, aphids), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	A	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	2 ladybird	det
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	Number=Sing	8 coat	nmod:poss
3	's	's	PART	_	2 ladybird	case
4	bright	bright	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 coat	amod
5	red	red	ADJ	Degree=Pos	8 coat	amod
6	and	and	CCONJ	_	7 black	cc
7	black	black	ADJ	Degree=Pos	5 red	conj
8	coat	coat	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sign	nsubj
9	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 sign	cop
10	a	a	DET	Definite=Ind PronType=Art	12 sign	det
11	warning	warning	NOUN	Number=Sing	12 sign	compound
12	sign	sign	NOUN	Number=Sing	root	root
13	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	14 says	nsubj
14	says	say	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	12 sign	acl:relcl
15	«	«	SCONJ	_	17 taste	mark
16	I	I	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs	17 taste	nsubj
17	taste	taste	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 says	ccomp
18	horrible	horrible	ADJ	Degree=Pos	17 taste	xcomp
19	»	»	NOUN	Number=Plur	17 taste	obj
20	,	,	PUNCT	_	24 loves	punct
21	and	and	CCONJ	_	24 loves	cc
22	every	every	DET	PronType=Tot	23 gardener	det
23	gardener	gardener	NOUN	Number=Sing	24 loves	nsubj
24	loves	love	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	14 says	conj
25	it	it	PRON	Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	24 loves	obj
26	because	because	SCONJ	_	28 eats	mark
27	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	28 eats	nsubj
28	eats	eat	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	24 loves	advcl
29	thousands	thousand	NOUN	Number=Plur	28 eats	obj
30	of	of	ADP	_	32 aphids	case
31	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	32 aphids	det
32	aphids	aphid	NOUN	Number=Plur	29 thousands	nmod
33	that	that	PRON	PronType=Rel	34 suck	nsubj
34	suck	suck	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	32 aphids	acl:relcl
35	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	36 plants	det
36	plants	plant	NOUN	Number=Plur	34 suck	obj
37	.	.	PUNCT	_	12 sign	punct

Pragmatics

form: statement
act: assert
voice: narrator
polarity: none
teacher: changed act=assert

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	other	roles by
1	is a	present	a ladybird's bright red coat	a warning sign		tree rules
2	say speech: assert	present	a warning sign			vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic
3	taste in a quote	present	a warning sign = sign	»	horrible property	vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme »=Attribute
4	love	present	every gardener	coat		vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus
5	eat	present	gardener	thousands of the aphids		vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Patient
6	suck	present	the aphids	the plants		vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent plant=Source

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Licence: CC BY-SA 4.0, as the whole of Mova corpus 0.4, of which this treebank (the agreed school, mova-school-agreed-en.conllu) is part. The lessons were written for Mova's primary school. Sentence school:biology:219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds.lesson:4.

The tree: Mova annot: Rust (en) → Haiku 5.5 (medium, Batches API) patches; gates UD 2.18; agreed by treeagree rules (Stanza, Trankit, spaCy trf): R5-strong ×2, R6-punct-agree ×1, R7-rel-agree ×1. The frames are read from the tree by Mova's frames reader (prag) when this page is built, the lesson read in order, so a pronoun may be resolved from an earlier sentence.

See the release 0.4.

This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/school/biology/219-butterflies-moths-and-ladybirds/4/